Clinical Research Directory

Traction, Pressure, and Rapid Muscle Release (TPR) Technique During Intramuscular Injection: Effects on Pain and Patient Satisfaction

This study will be conducted to evaluate the effect of the Traction, Pressure, and Rapid Muscle Release (TPR) technique, an innovative method used during intramuscular vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) injections, on patients' pain and satisfaction levels compared with the conventional injection method.

Web-Based Gamified Simulation for Teaching Ventrogluteal Injection to First-Year Nursing Students

The goal of this study is to find out whether a web-based simulation with game features helps first-year nursing students learn how to give an injection into the muscle on the side of the hip, known as the ventrogluteal site. The study will compare this approach with traditional teaching at Cankiri Karatekin University in Türkiye. The main questions are whether the web-based simulation improves students' knowledge and practical skills, increases their satisfaction and confidence in learning, and helps them remember what they have learned after eight weeks. All participants will receive the same initial classroom teaching and laboratory demonstration. They will then be assigned by chance to one of two groups. One group will receive traditional teaching. The other group will use the web-based simulation, which includes a patient scenario and interactive tasks, such as selecting equipment and moving items to a tray. The simulation has two modes. In the learning mode, students receive hints and explanations without being scored. In the self-test mode, they complete tasks without hints and receive a score report for feedback. Students must answer correctly before moving to the next step. Participants will complete a knowledge test, a practical skills assessment using an injection training model, and a questionnaire about satisfaction and confidence before the group-specific training and again one week afterward. They will repeat the knowledge test eight weeks after training to assess how much they remember. Practical skills will be assessed by two observers who do not know which teaching group each student belongs to.

Ultrasound Assessment of Gluteal Muscle in Patients Receiving Depot Antipsychotics and Healthy Volunteers

This observational study will use ultrasound to assess the gluteal musculature in patients receiving depot antipsychotic medication and in healthy volunteers. The study aims to improve knowledge about anatomical conditions relevant to intramuscular depot injections.

Effect of Vibration and ShotBlocker on Pain and Fear Levels During Intramuscular Injection in Children in the Emergency Department

This prospective study is planned as a randomized controlled study. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of vibration and the ShotBlocker method on pain and fear levels in children during intramuscular injection in the emergency department.

Augmented Reality and 3D Model-Based Ventrogluteal Injection Training in Nursing Students (AR3D-VGI)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a skills training program-conducted using augmented reality (AR) and 3D model technologies-on first-year nursing students' knowledge, skills, anxiety, and satisfaction, as well as the retention of learning, regarding the correct identification of the injection site and the application of the correct technique for intramuscular (IM) injections in the deltoid (VG) region. The hypotheses of the study are as follows: H1: There is a difference in knowledge scores regarding the administration of intramuscular injections into the ventrogluteal region between the AR group and the control group. H2: There is a difference in skill scores regarding the administration of intramuscular injections into the ventrogluteal region between the AR and control groups. H3: There is a difference in state anxiety scores regarding the administration of intramuscular injections into the ventrogluteal region between the AR and control groups. H4: There is a difference in satisfaction scores regarding training methods for intramuscular injection into the ventrogluteal region between the AR and the control group. H5: There is a difference in knowledge scores regarding intramuscular injection into the ventrogluteal region between the 3D Model group and the control group. H6: There is a difference in skill scores regarding intramuscular injection into the ventrogluteal region between the 3D Model group and the control group. H7: There is a difference in state anxiety scores regarding intramuscular injection into the ventrogluteal region between the 3D Model group and the control group. H8: There is a difference in satisfaction scores regarding training methods for intramuscular injection into the ventrogluteal region between the 3D Model group and the control group. H9: There is a difference in retention scores regarding knowledge of intramuscular injection into the ventrogluteal region between the AR and control groups. H10: There is a difference in retention scores regarding knowledge of intramuscular injection into the ventrogluteal region between the 3D Model and control groups. H11: There is a difference in skill retention scores regarding the application of intramuscular injection into the ventrogluteal region between the AR and the control group. H12: There is a difference in skill retention scores regarding the application of intramuscular injection into the ventrogluteal region between the 3D Model and the control group. After providing theoretical training to the entire group, the researcher will randomly assign participants and have them practice using the AR, a 3D hip model, and a traditional model. After four weeks, the researcher will assess retention.

Gamified Metaverse Education for Ventrogluteal IM Injection (G-META-IM)

This study aims to examine the effect of a gamified, metaverse-based education program on nursing students' knowledge and attitudes regarding ventrogluteal intramuscular injection. Intramuscular injection is a commonly used nursing skill that requires accurate anatomical knowledge and correct technique to ensure patient safety. The ventrogluteal site is considered a safe injection site; however, nursing students often report limited knowledge and confidence in its use. In this study, nursing students will be assigned to either an intervention group or a control group. The intervention group will receive a gamified metaverse-based educational program designed to teach ventrogluteal site identification using the V method and the correct steps of intramuscular injection. The control group will receive traditional education using standard teaching methods. Data will be collected before and after the educational intervention using a knowledge test and a learning attitude scale. The results of this study are expected to provide evidence on the effectiveness of metaverse-based and gamified education approaches in nursing education and to support the development of safe and innovative learning environments for nursing students.

Effect of Microteaching on Ventrogluteal Injection Training

Nursing education plays a crucial role in ensuring nurses possess the necessary knowledge and skills to provide high-quality care. Inadequacies in knowledge and practical skills can compromise patient safety and negatively impact care quality. Therefore, integrating both theoretical and practical education that covers cognitive, psychomotor, and affective learning domains is essential for nursing students. The micro-teaching method has emerged as an innovative educational approach, especially relevant for today's technology-savvy Generation Z students. It involves delivering small, focused learning units enriched with interactive multimedia content, which enhances knowledge retention, skill acquisition, and reduces student anxiety. This method also allows students to repeatedly access short videos and multimedia materials, enabling flexible and effective learning. Intramuscular (IM) injection is a fundamental skill nursing students must master. Specifically, the ventrogluteal site is considered safer and more effective compared to the dorsogluteal site, as it is associated with fewer complications such as pain, bleeding, and nerve injury. This study aims to examine the impact of ventrogluteal injection training using the micro-teaching method on nursing students' knowledge, skills, and anxiety levels. It is anticipated that this innovative educational approach will enhance learning outcomes, increase patient safety, and pave the way for future research in nursing education. The study is unique as it explores an area that has not been previously investigated. Its findings are expected to contribute significantly to the literature, influencing the development of effective teaching methods not only in nursing education but also across other educational fields. Additionally, the study holds importance as it contributes to a doctoral thesis, highlighting its academic value.