Clinical Research Directory

Effect of Obesity Phenotype on Intraabdominal Pressure and Bleeding in Major Lumbar Spinal Surgery

Obesity is prevalent among patients with lumbar degenerative disease and is a known risk factor for perioperative complications in spinal surgery. However, most existing evidence relies solely on body mass index (BMI) without distinguishing between central and peripheral obesity phenotypes. Central and peripheral fat distribution may have distinct biomechanical and hemodynamic consequences, particularly with respect to intraabdominal pressure (IAP) changes during prone positioning and intraoperative blood loss. This prospective single-center observational study aims to evaluate the effect of obesity phenotype - classified as non-obese, centrally obese, or peripherally obese based on BMI and waist-to-hip ratio - on intraabdominal pressure, intraoperative blood loss, and other perioperative outcomes in adult patients undergoing major lumbar spinal surgery (decompression and/or instrumentation)

Topical Tranexamic Acid to Reduce Blood Loss During Cesarean Delivery

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn whether applying topical tranexamic acid (TXA) directly to the uterine incision during cesarean delivery can reduce surgical bleeding compared to placebo. The study will include pregnant women aged 18-51 undergoing elective cesarean delivery at term (37 weeks or more). The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does topical TXA shorten uterine closure time? * Does topical TXA reduce the need for additional hemostatic sutures? Researchers will compare women receiving topical TXA to those receiving placebo (normal saline) to see if TXA reduces intraoperative bleeding and improves surgical outcomes. Participants will: * Be randomly assigned to receive either topical TXA or placebo during cesarean delivery. * Have standard surgery and postoperative care identical in both groups. * Provide routine clinical data, including hemoglobin levels and recovery outcomes, from their medical records.

Clinical Validation of a Blood Loss Monitoring System

This observational study aims to evaluate the practicality of a novel multifunctional intraoperative blood loss monitoring system in real-world surgical settings. The primary questions it seeks to address are: Using the direct measurement method as the reference standard, what is the magnitude of measurement error of the monitoring system, and does it tend to overestimate or underestimate blood loss? Does the monitoring system demonstrate superior accuracy compared with visual estimation, the gravimetric method, and the hemoglobin concentration-based method? During surgery, intraoperative blood loss will be measured simultaneously using five approaches: the novel multifunctional monitoring system, the direct measurement method, visual estimation, the gravimetric method, and the hemoglobin concentration method. These measurements will be conducted without interfering with the surgical procedure.

Tranexamic Acid in Pediatric Undergoing Proximal Femoral Osteotomies and/or Acetabular Osteotomy

Surgical hip reconstruction reduces the hip joint through soft tissue releases and osteotomies of the femur and/or pelvis. Blood loss and subsequent blood transfusion are normal consequences of hip reconstruction.

Ostene in Thoracolumbar Decompression and Fusion Evaluated With VIBE

In spine surgery, it is important to try to minimize bleeding. In particular, spine surgery often involves inserting hardware into bone, and/or removing bone in the spine. Because the bone in the spine contains blood vessels, there can often be bleeding from the bone itself that is difficult to stop completely. One way to stop bone bleeding is through the use of wax-like materials, which plug the bleeding bone and act as a physical barrier to stop bleeding. One example is Ostene bone hemostasis material, which has the advantage of being "water soluble", meaning it will dissolve naturally over time. The purpose of this study is to evaluate how well Ostene does at decreasing bleeding, by using a recognized scale called the validated intraoperative bleeding severity scale, abbreviated as "VIBe". In this study, the investigators will record the bleeding severity throughout multiple time points in surgery using this scale, and then the investigators will compare the measurements to patients in the past who did not receive Ostene. Overall, this research will help measure how well Ostene decreases bleeding.

Measurement of Blood Loss in Adenotonsillectomy During General Anesthesia According to the Application of Nondepolarizing Muscle Relaxants

Although tonsillectomy is one of the most commonly performed surgeries, a review of literature reveals no articles dealing with the study of intraoperative blood loss in tonsillectomy and adenotonsillectomy according to the use of nondepolarizing muscle relaxants. The primary aim of our trial will be to compare blood loss in the operating theatre and postoperatively in two groups of children having adenotonsillectomy. The trial numbers will be randomised in blocks.