Clinical Research Directory

Ondansetron Lozenge Versus Intravenous for Prevention of Shivering in Cesarean Section

This study aims to compare the effect of ondansetron lozenge and intravenous for prevention of shivering in cesarean section (CS).

Ondansetron Lozenge Versus Intravenous for Prevention of Shivering in Tonsillectomy

This study aims to compare the effect of ondansetron lozenge and intravenous for prevention of shivering in tonsillectomy.

Nebulized Versus Intravenous Tranexamic Acid on Surgical Field Quality in Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Sinus Surgeries

Intraoperative bleeding is one of the vital problems for anesthesiologists and surgeons, during endoscopic nasal surgery; where the surgical field is very limited and surrounded by vital structures. The tinniest amount of blood in such surgical field can obscure the anatomy and clog the tip of the endoscope, requiring repeated irrigations and suctioning; both of which have traumatic effects on the friable nasal mucosa. Anesthetic techniques to minimize bleeding during endoscopic nasal surgery are of primary importance for a safe and effective procedure, reducing operative time and shortening post-operative recovery. Good surgical conditions could be achieved with systemic, topical, or regional anesthetic techniques. The use of topical and regional techniques has been gaining popularity in recent years as an alternative to the administration of heavy premedication, high narcotic doses, intravenous lignocaine, clonidine, calcium channel blockers, sodium nitroprusside, beta-adrenergic blockers, and magnesium sulfate, which may produce a lack of alertness, respiratory depression, hypoxia, nausea and vomiting, and delayed recovery. Recent studies have shown that the use of tranexamic acid could be a safe and effective management option for hemostasis in a wide range of specialties. Tranexamic acid (TXA) is a synthetic lysine derivative that blocks the lysine binding site on plasminogen, thus inactivating its conversion to plasmin and hence attenuating its fibrinolysis effects. When given as a one-time operative systemic dose, it can reduce intraoperative surgical blood loss. More recently, it has been used in its nebulized or topical form to treat bleeding in anatomically sequestered areas. Its use has been described for epistaxis, cancer-related hemoptysis, and post-tonsillectomy bleeding. Though systemic doses of tranexamic acid have proven their efficiency in reducing intraoperative bleeding, other forms of administration have not been widely researched. The use of nebulized form is expected to provide a targeted route and localized effect with reduced systemic side effects. Adverse effects of systemic administration of tranexamic acid include seizures, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, anaphylaxis, and other visual disturbance. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of pre-emptive nebulized tranexamic acid versus intravenous tranexamic acid on endoscopic visualization and bleeding rate during endoscopic sinus surgeries.

Intravenous TNK vs TPA for AIS Treatment on MSU,a Prospective Multicenter RCT

Acute ischemic stroke is one of the devastating diseases that increase hospitalization, disabilities, and deaths worldwide. Current treatment with intravenous thrombolytic agent can help reduce disabilities and improve quality of life. Intravenous Alteplase is proven benefit and now used as the first-line drug for acute ischemic stroke with symptom onset less than 4.5 hours and without contraindications. Tenecteplase, a genetically engineered tissue-type plasminogen activator, has been questioned to treat acute ischemic stroke instead of intravenous alteplase. Tenecteplase has more advantages over alteplase including higher fibrin specificity, longer half-life and easier to administer as a single intravenous bolus. The efficacy and safety of intravenous tenecteplase has been studied recently. In 2017, A phase 3 randomized open-label, blinded trial (NOR-TEST) 6 showed that there were no significant differences in efficacy and safety between tenecteplase and alteplase in mild stroke patients. A study in 2020, in the setting of acute large artery occlusion, Tenecteplase resulted in a better 90-day neurological outcome and provided more benefits in reperfusion before endovascular thrombectomy10. Regarding safety concerns, tenecteplase showed no significant higher incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage. Administration, tenecteplase might be better in the setting of the case on mobile stroke units. Assuming, earlier reperfusion by thrombolytic drug may have improved patient's neurologic outcomes. We aim to compare the efficacy and safety between intravenous tenecteplase and alteplase in acute ischemic stroke patients given on mobile stroke units within 4.5 hours after symptom onset.