Clinical Research Directory

Surgical Drain Removal: Pain and Anxiety Management

Background: Surgical drain removal may cause pain and anxiety in patients after bariatric surgery. Virtual reality may reduce procedure-related discomfort by directing attention away from painful stimuli. This study evaluated the effect of virtual reality on pain and state anxiety during surgical drain removal after bariatric surgery. Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted with 60 adult patients who underwent bariatric surgery in a private hospital in Kocaeli, Türkiye. Participants were randomly assigned to a virtual reality group or a control group at a 1:1 ratio. Patients in the intervention group watched a standardized 360° nature video using virtual reality goggles before and during drain removal, while patients in the control group received routine care. Pain was assessed using the Numerical Rating Pain Scale, and anxiety was evaluated using the State Anxiety Inventory. Outcomes were measured before and immediately after drain removal. The collected data were statistically analyzed.

TENS Device Use for Discomfort Relief During Orthodontic Tooth Movement

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation (TENS) device works to reduce discomfort during orthodontic treatment, by using orthodontic separators to mimic the discomfort of braces. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does TENS device lower the participants level of discomfort? * Will TENS device be effective with orthodontic tooth movement? Researchers will place the separators on different sides of upper and lower first molars. TENS device will be applied on each participant on one of both teeth (according to their group), so that the results can be compared within the same person. Participants will: * Visit the clinic after 12 or 24 hours (depends on their group) * Stay on dental chair while TENS device is applied. * Rate the discomfort level on VAS scale before and after TENS device application.