Clinical Research Directory

Evaluation of DNA Methylation Markers for Endometrial Cancer Risk-stratification Using Patient-collected Urine and Vaginal Samples and Clinician-collected Cervical Samples From Women With Postmenopausal Bleeding

The goal of this observational study is to investigate the clinical utility of DNA-methylation testing in urine and vaginal samples collected by patients and cervical samples collected by clinicians, to determine the risk of endometrial cancer in symptomatic women with postmenopausal bleeding. The study aims to answer the following research questions: * What is the diagnostic accuracy of DNA methylation testing in urine, vaginal and cervical samples compared to traditional TVUS for endometrial cancer detection? * What is the 2-year risk of EC among women testing negative on TVUS and/or DNA methylation tests or those testing positive on methylation only? Researchers will compare DNA methylation testing in patient-collected urine and vaginal samples as well as in clinician-collected cervical samples, with the traditional diagnostic pathway for women with PMB, which includes TVUS evaluation, and when indicated by abnormal TVUS findings, endometrial biopsy according to clinical guidelines. Participants will * take a urine and vaginal sample * have a cervical sample collected by a clinician * undergo TVUS evaluation according to clinical guidelines * If TVUS shows thickened endometrium (≥ 5 mm) and/or irregularity, an endometrial biopsy will be collected according to clinical guidelines * fill out a questionnaire regarding acceptability and preferences of sampling methods and complete a lifestyle questionnaire.

Use of Nitrous Oxide During Office Hysteroscopy

The goal of this clinical trial is to assess the use of inhaled nitrous oxide during office hysteroscopy. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does it reduce pain during the procedure? * Does it increase the success rate? * Does it improve patient satisfaction? * Does it reduce anxiety? * Which populations benefit more (e.g., parity, menopausal status, number of previous surgeries, type and duration of procedure, and type of device)? Participants will be asked about their pain levels during the procedure, as well as their anxiety levels. All responses will be recorded. Written informed consent will be obtained prior to initiation.

Performance of Ultrasound in Women With Postmenopausal or Abnormal Uterine Bleeding Between White and Black Ethnic Groups- a Retrospective Cohort Study.

Primary Objective: To assess whether there is a higher incidence of uninformative ultrasound in black vs white women