Clinical Research Directory

Effect of Ketamine-Propofol Total Intravenous Anesthesia Versus Sevoflurane-Based Anesthesia on Postoperative Vomiting in Children Undergoing Strabismus Surgery

Pediatric strabismus surgery is frequently followed by postoperative nausea and vomiting, which can cause significant discomfort, dehydration, and delayed recovery in young children. The type of general anesthesia administered is an important modifiable factor in preventing these complications. While sevoflurane is commonly used for pediatric anesthesia due to its smooth induction, it is associated with higher rates of postoperative vomiting and emergence agitation. Total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) using propofol provides antiemetic benefits, and combining it with ketamine may help maintain stable heart rate and blood pressure while reducing emetic episodes. The primary purpose of this study is to determine whether ketamine-propofol total intravenous anesthesia reduces the incidence of postoperative vomiting compared with sevoflurane-based general anesthesia in children undergoing elective strabismus surgery. Participants aged 3 to 12 years will be randomly assigned to one of two groups: * Group KP: Receives total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) using a combination of ketamine and propofol for both induction and maintenance of anesthesia. * Group S: Receives inhalational general anesthesia using sevoflurane for both induction and maintenance. Participants will be monitored closely during the operation and followed for 24 hours postoperatively. The main outcome measured is the occurrence of postoperative vomiting or retching during the first 24 hours. Additional assessments include postoperative pain scores, heart rate and blood pressure stability, the occurrence of the oculocardiac reflex, emergence agitation, and the requirement for rescue antiemetic or pain medications.

Advancing Strategies to Optimize the PerIopeRativE Management of PostOperative Nausea and Vomiting (ASPIRE-PONV) Trial

The goal of this prospective, unblinded, pragmatic and repeated crossover trial is to learn if clinical decision support alerts will impact postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) prophylaxis and reduce PONV rates in adult patients who have planned surgery with general anesthesia. The main aim is to improve PONV, establishing a scalable Clinical Decision Support (CDS) Tool for personalized PONV prevention. The primary hypothesis is that, compared with standard care, the Anesthesia Workflow-Driven Clinical Decision Support Tool for Personalized PONV Prevention will be associated with a significant improvement in the rate of appropriate administration of PONV prophylaxis and a significant decrease in the incidence of PONV. This study will evaluate a new clinical decision support (CDS) tool designed to improve how and when PONV prevention strategies are used. Unlike traditional tools that provide generic, one-time alerts, this new system is integrated into the electronic health record (EHR) and delivers timely, targeted reminders to anesthesia providers at key moments during a patient's surgical care-such as before surgery begins, after anesthesia is given, and before the patient wakes up. These alerts are based on each patient's individual risk for PONV and are intended to support, not replace, clinical judgment. The study will use a crossover design over 12 months, alternating between periods when the tool is active and when it is not. The goal is to determine whether this time-sensitive, workflow-integrated tool can lead to better adherence to best practices and improved patient outcomes.

Comparison of Two Plane Blocks Used in Open Ventral Hernia Repair Operations

The aim of this study is to compare the postoperative analgesic efficacy of bilateral erector spinae plane block and bilateral external oblique-intercostal plane block in patients undergoing open ventral hernia repair.

Intraoperative Autonomic Blockade for Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

This study proposes infiltrating the hepatoduodenal ligament and the serosal reflection of the gallbladder cystic plate with a combination of Bupivacaine (a long-acting local anesthetic) and Dexamethasone (a corticosteroid). This technique aims to block the hepatic branches of the celiac plexus to improve visceral pain control and its associated clinical manifestations, reduce analgesic requirements, and lower readmission rates, thereby facilitating recovery.

The Impact of Nasogastric Tube Gastric Decompression on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Orthognathic Surgery

This study will compare the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting during the first 24 hours following corrective jaw surgery (orthognathic surgery) in patients with and without nasogastric tube gastric decompression.

Effect of Opioid-free Analgesia and Anesthesia on the Quality of Postoperative Recovery and Nausea Vomit in Patients Receiving Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy

The purpose of the intraoperative use of opioids is to reduce the amount of sedative medication and to ensure effective analgesia. But pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience (a cognitive perception) that cannot occur with sufficient depth of anesthesia (even without opioids). So a more reasonable explanation for analgesia should be anti-nociception and the resulting inhibition of the response to surgical stress. Since multiple mediators are involved in nociceptive pathways, antinociception can also be acquired through multiple mechanisms. However, there is no single ideal harm drug to replace opioids, which often requires two or more drugs to meet clinical needs. While regional block attenuates the stress response to surgery and sympathetic activation because of afferents to block nociceptive stimuli, and has an important role in the implementation of OFA. Combined with the clinical characteristics of the LSG, investigators developed the transverse abdominis fascia block (transversus abdominis plane TAP) in combination with esketamine (esketamine), dexmedetomidine (dexmedetomidine, DEX) of opioid-free anesthesia (opioid free anesthesia, OFA) and the analgesic regimen (TEDOFA), Reduce patient pain scores, nausea and vomiting after LSG based on perfect analgesia and adequate anti-sympathetic response, As well as the other complications, Promote the accelerated postoperative recovery of patients undergoing LSG, And reduce the incidence and severity of postoperative chronic pain.