Clinical Research Directory

Effect of IV Dexamethasone on Post-op Urinary Retention After Spinal Anesthesia

What is this study about? This study is testing whether a common medication called dexamethasone, given through a vein (IV) before surgery, can help prevent a problem called postoperative urinary retention (POUR). POUR means having trouble urinating after surgery, which can cause discomfort and sometimes requires using a catheter. Who can join the study? The study includes adult People who are having surgery with spinal anesthesia at Al-Makassed Hospital. People who have certain medical conditions, use steroids regularly, or need a catheter during surgery cannot join. What will happen in the study? Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups: * One group will get 8 mg of IV dexamethasone before surgery. * The other group will get a saltwater (placebo) injection. Neither the participants nor the doctors will know which treatment they receive. After surgery, the researchers will check how soon each participant can urinate and whether they need a catheter. Why is this study important? POUR can slow recovery and cause complications. Dexamethasone is already used for other reasons like nausea and swelling. This study will help find out if it also lowers the risk of POUR in people getting spinal anesthesia.

A Comparative Study Between Age-Based and Weight-Based Bupivacaine Dosing for Pediatric Spinal Anesthesia in Children Undergoing Elective Infra-Umbilical Surgeries

This prospective randomized double-blinded controlled trial will include 60 pediatric patients aged 1 - 6 years old, both sexes, with American society of anesthesiologists (I and II) and undergoing elective infra-umbilical surgeries with anticipated duration ≤ 90 minutes. Patients will be randomly divided into two equal groups: Weight-based dosing (Group A) and age-based dosing group (Group B). Both groups will receive hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5%. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of using age based dosing of Bupivacaine compared with standard method of weight based dosing in pediatric spinal anesthesia.

Ketamine for Preventing Post-Spinal Hypotension in Orthopedic Surgery

This randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial investigates the efficacy of a sub-anesthetic dose of ketamine (0.5 mg/kg IV) in preventing post-spinal hypotension in patients undergoing elective orthopedic surgeries under spinal anesthesia. The study compares ketamine with placebo (normal saline) in terms of blood pressure stability and incidence of hypotensive episodes following spinal anesthesia.

Renal Functions in Preeclamptic Pregnant Women Using Neutrophil Gelatinase-associated Lipocalin (NGAL) and Standard Renal Function Tests

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant postoperative complication. Risk factors for AKI include impaired renal perfusion, decreased functional renal reserve, as well as advanced age, peripheral arterial disease, diabetes mellitus, renovascular disease and congestive heart failure. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) below 55-60 mmHg has been associated with postoperative AKI. Traditional diagnostic criteria for AKI include increased serum creatinine levels and oliguria. However, creatinine levels do not rise until more than half of renal function is lost. Serum and urine NGAL levels rise earlier-within 24-48 hours-making it a promising early biomarker. In our study, hypotension is defined as systolic blood pressure \<100 mmHg or a \>30% decrease in MAP. Patients requiring ephedrine under these conditions will be evaluated as the hypotension group and compared with non-hypotensive patients in terms of NGAL, BUN (blood urea nitrogen), creatinine, and GFR (Glomerular Filtration Rate) values at baseline and at the 4th postoperative hour.