Clinical Research Directory

Effects of Testicular Self-Examination Training Methods on Students' Behaviors and Health Beliefs

The goal of this cluster randomized controlled trial is to evaluate and compare the effects of different testicular self-examination (TSE) training methods on university students' health beliefs and self-examination behaviors regarding testicular cancer (TC) and TSE. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does receiving brochure-based education or brochure plus audio recordings of TC patient experiences improve students' health beliefs (perceived susceptibility, seriousness, benefits, self-efficacy, and reduced barriers)? * Which educational method is more effective in increasing the frequency and performance of testicular self-examination behaviors compared to a control group? Researchers will compare three groups: * Intervention Group 1: Receives an educational brochure on TC and TSE. * Intervention Group 2: Receives an educational brochure combined with audio recordings of testicular cancer survivor/patient experiences. * Control Group: Receives no specific educational intervention during the study period. Participants will: * Complete baseline questionnaires regarding demographic information, TC/TSE knowledge, health beliefs, and baseline examination practices. * Receive the assigned educational material/session according to their randomized cluster. * Complete follow-up evaluations at 3 months post-intervention to assess changes in health beliefs, knowledge, and TSE behaviors.