Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Between 40 and 80 at baseline visit * Never smokers: \<1 pack-year history of smoking * Never smokers: Must meet lung function criteria based on spirometry without inhaled bronchodilators * Current or former smokers: \>20 pack-year history of smoking * Current or former smokers: Must meet lung function criteria based on spirometry with inhaled bronchodilators Exclusion Criteria: * Dementia or other cognitive dysfunction which in the opinion of the investigator would prevent the participant from consenting to the study or completing study procedures * Plans to leave the area in the next 3 years * Smoking history of \> 1 pack-year but \<21 pack-years * BMI \> 40 kg/m2 at baseline exam * Prior significant difficulties with pulmonary function testing * Hypersensitivity to or intolerance of albuterol sulfate or ipratropium bromide or propellants or excipients of the inhalers * Non-COPD obstructive lung disease, severe kyphoscoliosis, neuromuscular weakness, or other conditions, including clinically significant cardiovascular and pulmonary disease, that, limit the interpretability of the pulmonary function measures. * History of Interstitial lung disease * History of Lung volume reduction surgery or lung resection * History of lung or other organ transplant * History of endobronchial valve therapy * History of large thoracic metal implants (e.g., AICD (automatic implantable cardioverter/defibrillator) and/or pacemaker) * Currently taking \>=10mg a day/20mg every other day of prednisone or equivalent systemic corticosteroid * Currently taking any immunosuppressive agent * Current illicit substance abuse, excluding marijuana * History of or current use of IV Ritalin * History of or current use of heroin * History of illegal IV drug use within the last 10 years or more than 5 instances of illegal IV drug use ever * Known HIV/AIDS infection * History of lung cancer or any cancer that spread to multiple locations in the body * History of or current exposure to chemotherapy or radiation treatments that, in the opinion of the investigator, limits the interpretability of the pulmonary function measures. * Diagnosis of unstable cardiovascular disease including myocardial infarction in the past 6 weeks, uncontrolled congestive heart failure, or uncontrolled arrhythmia * Any illness expected to cause mortality in the next 3 years * Active pulmonary infection, including tuberculosis * History of pulmonary embolism in the past 2 years * Known diagnosis of primary bronchiectasis * Currently institutionalized (e.g., prisons, long-term care facilities) * Known to be a first degree relative of another, already enrolled participant (i.e., biological parent, biological sibling) * Never smokers only: Current diagnosis of asthma * Women only: Cannot be pregnant at baseline or plan to become pregnant during the course of the study Temporal Exclusion Criteria for SPIROMICS III: * Participants who present with a pulmonary exacerbation, either solely participant-identified or that has been clinically treated, in the last six weeks, can complete the study visit once a six-week window has passed. * Participants who present with an upper respiratory infection, either solely participant-identified or that has been clinically treated, in the last six weeks, can complete the study visit once a six-week window has passed. * Participants who present with current use of acute antibiotics or steroids can complete the study visit ≥30 days after discontinuing acute antibiotics/steroids. This does not apply to participants who are on chronic prednisone therapy of \<10 mg per day or \<20 mg every other day or participants who are currently on chronic, prophylactic, or suppressive antibiotic therapy. * Participants who present with a myocardial infarction or eye, chest or abdominal surgery within six weeks can complete the study visit after a six-week window has passed. * Female participants who present \<3 months after giving birth will be asked to schedule the visit once three months have passed post-delivery.