Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Able to provide verbal and written informed consent * Fluent English speaker * At least 8th grade education * On stable medication regimen Exclusion Criteria: * Pregnancy * Magnetic resonance imaging contraindications (e.g., certain metallic objects in body, claustrophobia) * Current major depression defined as scores \>14 on the Beck Depression Inventory-II * Impaired scores on the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS; cut-off of \>30) * Current use of medications with significant anticholinergic properties due to potential influence on memory ("memory enhancing"; e.g., Aricept or Namenda) * Current use of anticonvulsant, neuroleptic, sedatives, or other medications known to affect cognition * Uncorrected visual and hearing impairments * Neurologic conditions affecting the brain (e.g., severe stroke, epilepsy, traumatic brain injury with \>30-minute loss of consciousness) * Impaired scores on a cognitive screening measure, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA); for older adults the cutoff will be age and education corrected * Unstable medical illness (e.g., metastatic cancer) * Significant cardiovascular conditions (e.g., major heart attack) * Will not exclude participants who are taking anti-depressant medications. Use of antidepressants (particularly SSRI's) and anxiolytic medications will be recorded and included in post-hoc analyses