Clinical Research Directory

Non-invasive Nerve Stimulation and Cognitive Training to Improve Cognitive Performance in Healthy Older Adults

Decline in brain health and associated loss of cognitive function in healthy aging decreases quality of life.We need better tools to both enhance brain health and improve cognitive performance in healthy brain aging so that it can be delayed, reduced, or even reversed. The present proposal is designed to evaluate the pairing of cognitive training with a non-invasive neurostimulation technology that has shown promise in both increasing neuroplasticity and in enhancing cognitive performance, transcutaneous vagal nerve stimulation (tVNS).

Transient Receptor Potential Channels

Neurovascular signaling in the skin associated with stimulation of the transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. These channels are stimulated by both temperature and naturally occurring bioactive agents found in mint, chili peppers, garlic, etc. The aim of the study is to examine how topically applied TRP channel agonists including menthol, capsaicin and camphor impact neurovascular responses in the skin.

Amyloid PET Imaging in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging

Background: Some people experience cognitive decline as they age. That is, they lose memory, problem-solving, and other mental abilities. Amyloids are groups of proteins that develop in the brain and increase in number as people age. Researchers want to use imaging scans to track amyloids in people s brains over time. Their goal is to find out if any changes are related to cognitive decline or other medical issues. Objective: To learn how amyloids may affect brain structure and function as people age. Eligibility: People aged 55 years and older who are enrolled in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Design: Participants will have imaging scans and other tests every 1 to 4 years, depending on their age. Those 80 and older will be scanned yearly. These scans will be done during regular BLSA visits. The scans will be positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET CT). Participants will be given fluid through a tube inserted into a vein in their arm. The fluid is a tracer that will cause the amyloids to light up in the images. Then they will lie on a bed with their head inside a PET CT scanner. They will lie still for about 30 minutes. Participants will have tests to assess their memory and other mental skills. They will answer questions about their mood and daily life. These tests will take about 40 minutes to complete; they may be done in person or by phone. Participants will give a contact number for someone who can answer questions about the participant s daily routine. These questions may be answered in person or by phone. Participants will be in this study for 5 years....

Effects of Nicotine and Attention on Frequency Tuning in Auditory Cortex

Nicotine enhances auditory-cognitive function because it mimics the brain's system for "paying attention" to important sounds amid distractions (for example, understanding speech in a noisy environment). In part, nicotine does this by activating inhibitory neurons in the auditory cortex. Since age-related hearing deficits result, in part, from the loss of inhibitory neurons in auditory cortex, this project will determine whether nicotine's effects can compensate for reduced inhibition in the aging auditory cortex and thereby restore auditory function. The investigators will use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to measure the selectivity of responses in auditory cortex to tones of various frequencies. The investigators will measure the effects of nicotine (administered as chewing gum) and aging on these fMRI response properties. The investigators hypothesize that frequency selectivity will decrease with aging and increase following nicotine administration.

Psilocybin Effects on Healthy Aging Biomarkers and Purpose in Life

The LONG-LIFE study is a randomized Phase I, dose-ranging trial designed to evaluate whether psilocybin impacts aging-related biomarkers, cognitive function, and purpose/meaning in life in medically stable older adults. Up to 50 participants will be enrolled aged 60-80 who will be randomized with equal allocation to one of four intervention groups: (1) receipt of one 25 mg dose of psilocybin; (2) receipt of two 25 mg doses of psilocybin separated by four weeks; (3) receipt of three 25 mg doses, with each dose separated by four weeks; or (4) wait-list comparator condition that does not receive psilocybin. Biomarkers of aging, cognitive performance, and behavioral measures will be assessed at baseline and longitudinally over a 12-month follow-up period. The primary endpoint occurs at the Week 16 visit. Participants randomized to the wait-list condition will be offered a single 25 mg dose of psilocybin following conclusion of the 12-month follow-up period. Findings from this Phase I study will inform dose selection for a Phase II study should results indicate a potential impact of psilocybin on relevant study endpoints.

Memory Enhancement in Aging With Closed-Loop tACS

This project optimizes high-resolution tACS to improve memory in healthy older adults, advancing drug-free approaches for ADRD. We test stimulation schedules and develop an adaptive, brain-guided tACS system to strengthen memory-supporting networks.

Effects of a Buriti Suplpement on Body Composition and Function in Older Adults

Aging is a natural process commonly associated with loss of muscle mass, reduced flexibility, and impaired balance, directly affecting the quality of life of older adults. Tai Chi Chuan, a traditional mind-body practice, has been shown to improve balance, flexibility, and overall well-being in elderly populations. In addition, nutritional supplementation may enhance these effects, particularly when based on plant-derived functional compounds.This study aims to evaluate the effects of vegan protein supplementation with Nutricer®-based on buriti (Mauritia flexuosa), rice, and pea-on body composition, muscle strength, flexibility, balance, and dietary frequency in elderly women practicing Tai Chi Chuan. This is a placebo-controlled clinical trial involving 40 elderly female participants, randomly assigned into two groups: an experimental group (n = 20), receiving Nutricer® supplementation, and a control group (n = 20), receiving a placebo (maltodextrin), both alongside regular Tai Chi Chuan practice.Buriti is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which may contribute to the preservation of muscle and functional health. It is expected that the combination of vegan protein supplementation and Tai Chi Chuan practice will result in significant improvements in functional health, providing a natural, accessible, and safe strategy for healthy aging.

Artificial Intelligence-Based Health Assessment From Face Photographs - Healthy Volunteer Study

We aim to examine how FaceAge estimates (a measure of biological age based on facial features) change across different time points and identify factors that may influence these changes. This will help us understand the consistency and reliability of the FaceAge algorithm and allow us to make improvements.

Theory-Driven Manualized Approach to Improving New Learning and Memory in Healthy Aging and MCI

The purpose of this research study is to investigate the effectiveness of a memory enhancement technique in an aging population.

Strength and Pain-Coping Through Resilience and Knowledge

Older adults who are 50 years of age and older with depressive symptoms, pain and difficulty with mobility will participate in the SPARK intervention study that includes 8 nurse visits in participants' homes to help participants with participants' pain and mood.

Memory Enhancement in Aging With Optimal Dosing

This project optimizes high-resolution transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS) to improve memory in healthy older adults, advancing drug-free approaches for Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (ADRD). We test stimulation schedules and develop an adaptive, brain-guided tACS system to strengthen memory-supporting networks.

ACHIEVE Brain Health Follow-Up Study

The ACHIEVE Brain Health Follow-Up Study is a 3-year follow-up to the Aging and Cognitive Health Evaluation in Elders (ACHIEVE) randomized study to determine the long-term effect of hearing intervention vs. successful aging/delayed hearing intervention on rates of cognitive decline and incident mild cognitive impairment or dementia.

Visual Stimulus-Based Cognitive-Motor Agility Exercise in Older Adults

This randomized controlled trial examined the effects of adding a brief visual stimulus-based cognitive-motor agility exercise component to a multicomponent exercise program in community-dwelling older adults. Participants were randomized to either an experimental group or an active control group. Both groups participated in supervised multicomponent exercise sessions twice weekly for 8 weeks. Each session lasted 45 minutes. During the final 10 minutes of each session, the experimental group performed the visual stimulus-based cognitive-motor agility exercises, whereas the active control group performed time-matched low-intensity activities. The primary outcome was global cognitive performance assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Secondary outcomes included hand and foot visual-motor response time, visual working memory, and functional performance.

Do Ketone Drinks Improve Immune, Metabolic and Cognitive Health in Older Adults

The goal of this randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial is to investigate the immune, metabolic and cognitive effects of four weeks of daily ketone supplementation in adults aged 60 to 80 with stable health. The main objectives are to assess the effects of the intervention versus placebo on markers of metabolic health, inflammation, immune function, adipose tissue, and cognitive performance. Participants will undergo two weeks of baseline monitoring followed by a four-week supplementation period in which they will drink a ketone monoester drink or taste-matched placebo three times a day. During these periods, participants will record their diet and supplement intake and their physical activity and blood glucose will be monitored using wearable devices. At the beginning and end of the supplementation period, participants will undergo testing in the university physiology laboratories, involving blood, expired air and adipose tissue samples, as well as cognitive tests, physical tests and questionnaires.

Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging

Background: \- The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) is a clinical research program on human aging that began in 1958. Volunteers of different ages join the study when they are healthy, and have follow-up visits for life. Visits last for multiple days. Participants are evaluated for many physical elements as well as for brain function. Physical tests are given. Information on mood, personality, and social aspects of life is also collected. This program has contributed more than any other research project to our understanding of aging. Objectives: \- To characterize the many aspects of the aging process and learn how people can successfully adapt to aging. Eligibility: \- Healthy individuals at least 20 years old. Design: * Participants will receive a booklet and video describing the tests they will take. * During a 3-day visit at the study hospital, participants will take the following tests: * Urine will be collected for 24 hours. Blood samples will be taken. A small piece of muscle tissue may be collected by a needle. * A medical questionnaire and a physical exam will be given. * Participants hearts will be tested, including with blood pressure tests and electronic monitors. They will breathe into a tube to test their lungs. * Participants will perform several exercises, including treadmill walking. * Vision, hearing, and taste will be tested. * Bone and joint X-rays may be taken. * Imaging tests will be given, such as an MRI. * Participants will answer questions to test their mental abilities. * Participants will return for follow-up visits every few years for life. The tests listed above will be given at every visit.

Post-market Cosmetic Evaluation of Ariessence™ Pure PDGF+ Following Ablative Laser

ariessence is intended to be used as a viscous, leave-on solution designed for topical application to the face. It is intended to be used following non-medical cosmetic procedures, performed by licensed healthcare professionals to enhance comfort and maintain skin hydration. This study is designed to be a multi-center, post-market cosmetic evaluation of ariessence applied to the full face after an ablative laser procedure to evaluate improvements in procedure tolerability and improvements in the appearance of the skin, compared to an emollient control.

Ecological Momentary Cognitive Assessment

The purpose of this study is to characterize the relationships between changes in cognitive functioning across the day and patterns of physical activity in older adults. Those who participate in the program will complete tests of cognition and several surveys at the start. They will then wear an activity monitor and complete four cognitive tests plus surveys per day for one week. After this week concludes, they will continue completing the surveys and cognitive tests, and will engage in one week of structured exercise at a research center and one week where they work to move throughout the day.

Effectiveness of Fractionated Laser Resurfacing to Protect Geriatric Skin From Actinic Neoplasia

This study is following up on previous studies that have demonstrated that geriatric subjects respond different to ultraviolet B (UVB) light than young subjects. The treatment of geriatric skin with dermal rejuvenation therapies (dermabrasion, fractionated laser resurfacing) restores the appropriate UVB response. Ongoing studies have tested the ability of fractionated laser resurfacing (FLR) to assess how long this wounding effect lasts-and have found that this appears to be a durable response which lasts for at least two years. The findings that FLR protects geriatric skin at two years is the impetus for this study. This study is an interventional study to assess if FLR treatment of one forearm of geriatric subjects with multiple actinic keratosis will result in the short-term removal of actinic keratosis, and the long-term decrease in levels of future actinic keratosis and other non-melanoma skin cancers in comparison to the untreated arm. Study length and visit: The first part of the study is completed in 1 day then there are follow up visits at 90 days and every 6 months for 5 years.

Novel Respiratory Training as Part of Palliative Care for Older Adults With Heart Failure

In a randomized controlled trial, to study the utility of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) to improve functional outcomes in adults aged ≥70 years with heart failure (HF) who have been referred to palliative care for end-stage HF management. * The study team hypothesize that older HF patients will be able to use IMT safely, reliably, and effectively in a 12-week home-based training regimen. * The study team hypothesize that physical function (sit to stand, gait speed, grip strength), respiratory/pulmonary function, self-efficacy, fatigue and quality of life will increase among older HF patients randomized IMT versus those randomized to usual care.

AMPLIFI: Adaptive Modulation of Plasticity Through Lactate and Fitness Interventions

The AMPLIFI study (Adaptive Modulation of Plasticity through Lactate and Fitness Interventions) investigates how short-term aerobic exercise influences brain plasticity and learning in older adults and stroke survivors. The study compares three groups: one performing aerobic cycling at an intensity that elevates lactate levels, one performing low-intensity exercise, and one receiving health education without exercise. All participants will complete motor learning tasks and undergo brain-stimulation testing using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to assess how well the brain responds to training. The goal is to understand whether different types of exercise can improve brain function, movement, and memory, and how the body's response to exercise (like lactate levels) might support brain health. This research may help identify low-cost, non-invasive interventions-such as targeted exercise-that improve motor and cognitive outcomes in aging and stroke recovery.

The Preventive Role of Fractionated Laser Resurfacing Against Actinic Neoplasia in an At-Risk Geriatric Population

The purpose of this study is to determine if the Fractionated Laser Resurfacing (FLR) procedure can protect one forearm/wrist from precancerous actinic keratosis (AKs) as well as prevent skin cancer in older subjects with active AKs. This study builds on a similar study ongoing at the Dayton Veterans Administration dermatology clinic. This study is also testing if a photograph of the skin can be used to predict where the AKs and an skin cancers will form.

Restylane Refyne for Correction of Horizontal Neck Rhytides

Subjects with grades ranging from 1---3 on the Transverse Neck Line Scale, will be randomized to receive up to 1cc of Restylane Refyne on one side of their neck utilizing a cannula and up to 1cc of Restylane Refyne on the other side utilizing a 30--gauge needle. On Day 30, this treatment with the same left---right assignment can be repeated if optimal correction on either side has not been achieved according to the treating investigator. Subjects will return 24--48 hours after their first treatment, to fill out questionnaires, take pictures, and to be assessed by blinded evaluators regarding adverse events. Subjects will also return 30 days after their final treatment to fill out final questionnaires, take pictures, and to be assessed by blinded evaluators regarding improvement of static rhytides.

Effects of Multi-component Exercise on Physical Performance and Sleep Quality in Older Adults

This quasi-experimental study evaluated the effects of an 8-week multi-component group exercise program on physical performance and sleep quality among community-dwelling older adults in Taiwan. Participants were recruited from four community care sites in central Taiwan. The intervention group participated in a structured exercise program consisting of aerobic, resistance, balance, and flexibility training conducted at a university-affiliated senior fitness club, while the control group maintained their usual community activities. Primary outcomes included physical performance and sleep quality. Physical performance was assessed using gait speed, chair stand, arm curl, grip strength, balance, and walking tests. Sleep quality was measured using the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (CPSQI). Heart rate recovery was evaluated as a secondary outcome. Pre- and post-intervention assessments were conducted to determine the effectiveness of the intervention.

Restructuring the Alpha-Gamma Code in Aging Vision

Tests whether age-related visual deficits arise from disrupted alpha-gamma coupling in visual cortex (V1) and MT. Uses fMRI, source-resolved HD-EEG, and personalized complex-waveform HD-tACS to (1) quantify aging effects on phase-amplitude coupling, (2) drive PAC into a preferred "gamma-at-alpha-troughs" state, and (3) bidirectionally change perception by aligning gamma to alpha troughs vs peaks. Two five-day, double-blind, sham-controlled studies (n=120 each) target contrast sensitivity (V1) and 3D shape-from-motion (MT), aiming for mechanistic insight and remediation in older adults with implications for ADRD.