Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Age ranges from 20-25 years old. * Body mass index (BMI) doesn't exceed 30 kg/m2. * Patients referred from a Gynecologist with a diagnosis of Primary Dysmenorrhea (PD). * Patients have regular menstrual cycles. * Patients suffer from pain located in the suprapubic area, abdomen, lower lumbar area, perineum, and/or medial aspect of the thighs during at least half of their annual menstrual cycles and/or in the last 3 cycles. Exclusion Criteria: * Patients diagnosed with gynecological pathology. * Patients taking oral contraceptives or had an intrauterine device implanted. * Patients had bad obstetric situations or diseases that could interfere with participation. * Patients have certain disorders including uncorrected coagulopathies, severe comorbid disorder, cancer in the last 5 years or at present, presence of erosions on the inner aspect of the ankle, severe mental disorders, or neuropathies affecting the lower limb. * Patients who are smoking or taking oral sedatives. * Patients had undergone surgery or childbirth in the last 6 months. * Patients who are pregnant.