Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Those undergoing coronary angiography for the first time, * Those undergoing groin angiography, * Those over 18 years of age, * Those who are not drug or alcohol dependent, * Those who do not have hearing impairments, * Those who have not used any medication that will produce an analgesic effect within 6 hours before the procedure, * Those who are not prevented from using a stress ball in their left hand, * Those who are oriented to the place and time, * Those who do not have a history of serious psychological problems in the past 6 months, * Those who do not use any medication that suppresses anxiety symptoms, * Those who agree to participate in the study are included. Exclusion Criteria: * Patients with severe heart failure or serious cardiovascular disease, * Patients who will require sedation or anesthesia during the procedure, * Patients who dislike music for cultural reasons, * Patients who require urgent treatment for cardiac dysrhythmias, * Patients with hearing problems, * Patients who cannot actively use their hands (such as those with hemiplegia, fractures, fistulas, etc.) are not included.