Clinical Research Directory

Preoperative Ankle-Brachial Index and Renal Adverse Events After ATAAD Surgery

This retrospective cohort study will evaluate whether a high preoperative ankle-brachial index is associated with postoperative renal adverse events in patients with acute Stanford type A aortic dissection who underwent surgical repair. The ankle-brachial index is a noninvasive vascular measurement that may reflect arterial stiffness and vascular calcification. A high ankle-brachial index may indicate abnormal vascular aging and impaired vascular compliance. The study will use existing clinical data from patients treated at Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, between January 2021 and February 2024. No intervention will be assigned as part of this study. The primary aim is to examine the association between a preoperative ankle-brachial index of 1.4 or higher and the risk of acute kidney injury within 7 days after surgery.

Renal Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Monitoring and Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury in Cardiac Surgery

This prospective observational study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of renal near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) monitoring in predicting postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Acute kidney injury is a common and serious complication after cardiac surgery and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. A total of 115 adult patients scheduled for elective coronary artery bypass grafting or heart valve surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass will be included in the study. Renal and cerebral tissue oxygen saturation will be continuously monitored intraoperatively using near-infrared spectroscopy. Hemodynamic parameters, operative variables, and laboratory results will also be recorded. Postoperative kidney function will be evaluated according to KDIGO criteria based on serum creatinine levels and urine output. Patients will be classified into two groups according to the presence or absence of postoperative acute kidney injury. The aim of this study is to investigate whether intraoperative renal NIRS monitoring can be used as an early indicator for the development of acute kidney injury in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.