Clinical Research Directory

Salivary Microbiota and Antimicrobial Resistance in Relation to Chlorhexidine Use

This study evaluated the ecological effects of 0.06% chlorhexidine toothpaste on the salivary microbiota of healthy individuals, focusing on taxonomic composition, functional shifts, and prevalence of predicted antimicrobial resistance genes. Saliva samples were collected from eleven healthy participants at three specific time points: baseline (following a 4-week run-in period using a control toothpaste), intervention (after 12 weeks of using 0.06% chlorhexidine digluconate toothpaste), and washout (after a subsequent 12-week period using the control toothpaste). Sequencing targeted the 16S rRNA V3-V4 region.

Development and Implementation of Mobile Antibiograms to Optimize Empirical Antibiotic Prescriptions Among Prescribers in Tertiary Hospitals in Tanzania

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical issue, especially in Africa, with resistance to common antibiotics reaching 100% in some areas. In Tanzania, limited access to culture tests and antibiograms forces healthcare providers to rely on experience for prescribing, heightening AMR risks. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of mobile antibiograms in optimizing empirical antibiotic therapy in tertiary hospitals in Tanzania.

PK/PD Relationship of CAZ/AVI and FOS in the Treatment of Patients With Infections Due to CRE

A multicenter international prospective observational pharmacological study in adult patients (≥18 years) treated with ceftazidime/avibactam (CAZ/AVI) alone or with CAZ/AVI plus fosfomycin (FOS) for infection due to carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) (KPC and/or OXA-48).

NCCR AntiResist:: New Approaches to Combat Antibiotic-resistant Bacteria

This is an explorative, mono-center study including prospectively collected patient samples from the University Hospital of Basel. It is to investigate antimicrobial resistance (AMR) including three clinical manifestations of infectious diseases: urinary tract infection, pneumonia and deep-seated infections. The focus is on four bacteria (E. coli, Klebsiella species, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa) that are part of the high priority list of World Health Organization (WHO). Residual patient samples are analysed for proteomic, metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis, immunocytochemical or fluorescence in-situ hybridisation (FISH) analysis, flow cytometry analysis (FACS) and immunophenotyping and exploration of bacterial properties.

PK/PD Analysis of Ceftazidime/Avibactam or Cefiderocol With or Without Fosfomycin for the Treatment of Difficult To-treat Gram-negative Infections

A multicenter, national, prospective, observational pharmacological study of patients with difficult-to-treat Gram-negative infections treated with ceftazidime/avibactam (CAZ/AVI) or cefiderocol (CEF) monotherapy or combination therapy with ceftazidime/avibactam associated with fosfomycin (FOS) or cefiderocol associated with fosfomycin.