Clinical Research Directory

Investigation of the Interplay Between Local Oral Inflammation, Microbiota and Systemic Immune Responses.

This is a clinical research study designed to measure changes in inflammation and the oral microbiome during a phase of good oral hygiene and the absence of oral hygiene. The goal of the study is to investigate the interplay between local oral inflammation, microbiota and systemic immune responses.

DETERMINATION OF THE EFFECTS OF STAINLESS STEEL CROWNS CEMENTED WITH RESIN CEMENTS ON INTERLEUKIN-10, 12, 18 LEVELS IN GINGIVAL CREVICULAR FLUID

This split-mouth clinical study aimed to evaluate the early effects of stainless steel crowns cemented with self-adhesive resin cement and high-viscosity glass ionomer cement on clinical periodontal parameters and interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-12 (IL-12), and interleukin-18 (IL-18) levels in gingival crevicular fluid in pediatric patients. The study included 45 systemically healthy children aged 6-10 years. Stainless steel crowns were placed on the mandibular second primary molars (teeth 75 and 85) in each patient; tooth 75 was cemented with a self-adhesive resin cement (G-Cem ONE™, GC, Japan), while tooth 85 was cemented using a high-viscosity glass ionomer restorative material (EQUIA Forte™ HT, GC, Tokyo, Japan). Plaque index, gingival index, and bleeding on probing were recorded before treatment and one week after cementation. Gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected at the same time points, and IL-10, IL-12, and IL-18 levels were analyzed using the ELISA method. A statistically significant reduction in plaque index values was observed in both cement groups at the one-week follow-up (p\<0.001), whereas no significant differences were found in gingival index or bleeding on probing values (p\>0.05). IL-10 and IL-12 levels did not change significantly in either group, whereas IL-18 levels decreased significantly in the resin cement group and were significantly higher in the glass ionomer cement group postoperatively. These findings suggest that although different cementation materials used for stainless steel crowns yield similar short-term clinical periodontal outcomes, material-related differences may exist in gingival biological responses, particularly with respect to IL-18 levels.

Evaluation of a Toothpaste Containing a Gum Health Active in Participants With Gingival Problem

The primary objective of this clinical study is to evaluate the impact on gingival health when participants switch to a fluoride toothpaste without gum-health actives for 4 weeks after using a proven gum-health toothpaste for 13 weeks.

Effectiveness of Toothpaste Tablets on Plaque, Gingival Health and Caries Experiences

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of toothpaste tablets when compared to conventional dentifrices in removing plaque. Methods: 50 participants are randomized into two groups: Denttabs toothpaste tablets (T) and Colgate's Cavity Protection toothpaste (P). Both groups utilize their assigned dentifrice for 6 weeks. A pre and post-assessment measures the Gingival Index (GI) and Plaque Index (PI) and Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT). A questionnaire on the use of the product is distributed at the end of the study.

The Antiplaque and Antigingivitis Effect of Pure Green Tea Mouth Wash Compared to Placebo and Essential Oils Mouth Washes

The goal of this clinical trial is to to evaluate the antiplaque and antigingivitis effect of pure green tea mouthwash compared to placebo and essential oils mouthwashes in healthy patients. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does pure green tea mouthwash effectively reduce dental plaque? * Does pure green tea mouthwash reduce gingival inflammation? Researchers will compare pure green tea mouthwash to Listerine Total Care, Listerine Green Tea, and placebo to see if there is a difference in plaque accumulation and gum inflammation reduction. Participants will be prohibited from using any sort of oral hygiene parctice for the whole study period (3 weeks). Instead, they will rinse with 10 ml of their assigned mouthwash twice daily for 30 seconds. Plaque index, gingival index, and staining index will be examined at multiple intervals and participants will rate their sense of oral freshness and good breath.

Biofiller and Gingival Phenotype Thickening

The periodontal phenotype is defined as the combination of the gingival phenotype and the thickness of the buccal bone plate (bone morphotype). The gingival phenotype refers to the gingival thickness (GT) and the width of the keratinized tissue (KTW). A gingival thickness of ≤1 mm is classified as a thin phenotype, whereas a thickness \>1 mm is considered a thick phenotype. Thin gingival biotypes tend to show more pronounced responses to inflammation, restorations, trauma, and parafunctional habits. Various methods are used to assess gingival thickness, including transgingival probing (TP), ultrasonic measurements, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans, visual assessment, and colored biotype probes (CBP). Periodontal plastic procedures performed using autogenous grafts such as connective tissue grafts (CTG) and free gingival grafts (FGG), or biomaterials such as acellular dermal matrices (ADM) and collagen matrices (CM), are known to significantly increase GT and the amount of keratinized tissue. However, creating a second surgical site in the oral cavity during these procedures may compromise patient comfort, prompting researchers to explore alternative methods. Additionally, the effectiveness of synthetic biomaterials has been found to be lower than that of autogenous grafts. Platelet-rich concentrates have been used as a minimally invasive procedure for the past thirty years, showing a high capacity to release growth factors that support tissue regeneration. While platelet-rich plasma (PRP), as the first-generation platelet concentrate, is widely used, platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) has been increasingly applied across various fields of medicine and dentistry due to its ability to release more growth factors over a longer period, resulting in better clinical outcomes. PRF is a highly biocompatible material composed of autologous cells and growth factors entrapped in a fibrin matrix, and has been shown to degrade more slowly over time compared to conventional PRP. One of the main reported disadvantages of PRF (and especially PRP) is its relatively rapid resorption, typically within 2-3 weeks. Biofiller is an autologous material derived from the patient's own blood and includes platelet-poor plasma (PPP) and concentrated platelet-rich fibrin (PRF). The PPP component is heated to become enriched with albumin, thereby prolonging its resorption time. The PRF portion contains autologous cells and growth factors. However, conventional PRF is typically resorbed within 2-3 weeks, limiting its clinical application. Recent studies have shown that the resorption time of biofiller-a combination of PPP and PRF-can exceed 4 months. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of biofiller with connective tissue graft in increasing gingival thickness in patients with a thin gingival phenotype. A total of 34 patients (17 patients in each group) will be enrolled. Tunnel surgery will be performed to all participants and test group will receive biofiller only once. Control group will receive connective tissue surgery. Clinical parameters obtained from our patients at baseline and at follow-up visits at 1, 3, and 6 months - including gingival thickness (GT), keratinized tissue width (KTW), and soft tissue measurements assessed via intraoral scanners - will be compared.

Bacteria in Dental Plaque and Atheroma Plaque

Periodontitis is considered a focus of infection where oral bacteria, bacterial by-products or inflammatory mediators can interact with other parts of the organism via the blood. Periodontal pathogen components such as DNA, RNA or specific antigens of P. gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans), Treponema denticola (T. denticola), Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) or Campylobacter rectus have been isolated from different tissues such as atheroma plaques, placenta, amniotic sac and respiratory tract. It has been reported that periodontitis may contribute to endothelial dysfunction leading to the formation of atherosclerosis.

Triphila Mouthwash Effect as Anti-plaque and Anti-gingivitis in Children

The study aim to to assess the antiplaque and antigingivitis efficacy of Triphala mouthwash versus chlorhexidine mouthwash among children. Oral health, acknowledged as equally significant to general health, has become an essential component of an individual's entire well-being. Dental caries and periodontal problems are the two predominant oral conditions that repeatedly affect nearly all individuals throughout their entire lives (Sharma et al., 2014). Numerous bacterial communities can be found in the oral cavity. These bacteria are harmless if proper health is maintained and are a healthy part of the human microbiome; However, disturbances to the local or systemic environment can lead to opportunistic infections such as periodontitis, gingivitis, or cavities . It has been known that dental plaque plays a critical role in the development and progression of periodontal disease, gingivitis, and dental caries. Plaque control is the first line of defense against periodontal disease and gingival inflammation, and chemical plaque control methods should always be used in conjunction with mechanical methods . Plaque removal is constantly maintained by mechanical techniques like toothbrushing and flossing, which are essential for controlling and preventing gingivitis, periodontitis, and dental caries. For mechanical plaque control, children need chemotherapeutic agents like therapeutic mouthwash since they lack the motivation or hand-eye coordination to reach the interproximal locations on their own. Herbal medicine takes a preventative and promotional strategy. It is an integrated approach that treats diseases and promotes health by using a variety of treatments made from plants and their extracts. The use of natural herbs such as Triphala, Tulsi Patra, Jyestiamadh, Neem, Clove Oil, Pudina, Ajwain, and many more, either alone or in combination, has been shown by research to be a safe and effective treatment for a variety of oral health issues, including mouth ulcers, bleeding gums, halitosis, and tooth decay prevention . Triphala, which exhibits antibacterial, antiseptic, and anti-inflammatory effects, is one of the most popular formulas in traditional Ayurvedic medicine. It is extensively used in dentistry and includes equal amounts of Terminalia Chebula, Terminalia Belerica, and Emblica Officinalis . Triphala comprises tannins that facilitate the physical removal of microorganisms by aggregating them. This reduces the quantity of bacteria adhering to teeth during the initial phases of plaque development. Triphala mouth rinse exhibits extensive antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. It also demonstrates antioxidant properties that aid in minimizing dental plaque and gingivitis. The tannic acid in Triphala may facilitate plaque reduction by binding to bacterial cell surfaces that denature proteins and eradicate bacterial cells.

EFFECTIVENESS of WATER FLOSS in PLAQUE REMOVAL and PREVENTION of WHITE SPOT LESIONS in ORTHODONTIC PATIENTS: a RANDOMISED CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL

This clinical trial aims to learn if water floss is as efficient as other interdental cleaning tools and can prevent plaque accumulation and white spot lesions (WSLs) in orthodontic patients. It will also assess the impact of water floss on gingival health. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Which interdental cleaning tools reduce plaque accumulation and improve gingival health in orthodontic patients? * Which interdental cleaning tools lower the incidence of white spot lesions compared to conventional oral hygiene practices? Researchers will compare the oral health of Orthodontic patients' using different interdental cleaning tools to evaluate their effectiveness in improving oral health outcomes. Participants will: * Be assigned to one of two groups: * Intervention group: instructed to use water flossing in their oral hygiene routine. * Control group: instructed to use dental floss and interdental brush in their oral hygiene routine. * Participate for 8 months, with clinical assessments for plaque and gingival health and photographic documentation for WSLs at baseline (T0), and at 2-month intervals (T1, T2, T3, and T4).