Clinical Research Directory

Tai Chi Intervention for Balance Function in Older Adults: Predictive and Modifying Roles of Circadian Age

This study investigates the effects of a 12-week Tai Chi intervention on balance function in community-dwelling older adults. Participants are randomly assigned to either a Tai Chi exercise group or a health education control group. The primary outcome is balance function measured by the Berg Balance Scale. Secondary outcomes include physical function, psychological well-being, cognitive function, and sleep quality. The study also explores the predictive and modifying roles of baseline circadian age on intervention outcomes.

Postural Balance of the Adult

Description of the geometrical configuration of the skeleton with regard to gravity line by patients suffering from spinal disorders that may induce postural troubles

Body Awareness Therapy in High Stressed Young Adults: Effects on Function, Balance, Sleep and Mood

Body Awareness Therapy (BAT) is a holistic approach to human movement that considers the physical, physiological, psychological, and existential aspects of human existence. This planned randomized controlled study will be conducted on young adults with high stress levels. One group will be subjected to BAT and the other group will be the control group. The BAT exercises will be performed in supine, sitting and standing positions. In the BAT group, the exercises will be performed as a group exercise, not individually. After the initial evaluations in both the BAT and control groups, a re-evaluation will be performed at the end of 8 weeks. Functional capacity will be assessed with the 6-minute walk test, static balance with the single-leg balance test (eyes open-eyes closed), dynamic balance with the Y-balance test, psychological status with the Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), and sleep quality with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Scale. BAT will be performed 2 days per week for 8 weeks and will be continued progressively. This study will examine the effects of BaT on functional capacity, balance, sleep quality, and psychological state in young adults with high stress levels.

Feedback-Based Balance Training for Adolescents With Idiopathic Scoliosis

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most common form of scoliosis occurring during the growth period and is associated with significant alterations in postural balance compared with healthy peers. Prior research has shown that adding sensorimotor or balance-focused training to scoliosis-specific exercises may produce greater improvements in postural control and overall balance function than scoliosis-specific exercises alone. However, no study has previously investigated the effects of feedback-based balance training using a multi-axial platform with real-time biofeedback (the HUBER® 360 Evolution system) in this population. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of adding HUBER® 360-based feedback balance training to individualized conservative scoliosis exercises on postural balance, postural symmetry, and health-related quality of life in adolescents with AIS. The intervention protocol consists of 12 sessions delivered over 4 weeks, three sessions per week. Each session comprises 40 minutes of individualized conservative scoliosis exercises (identical between arms) followed by 30 minutes of balance training that differs between arms: HUBER® 360-based feedback balance training delivered in the clinic in the intervention arm, and a structured home-based balance exercise program performed independently after physiotherapist instruction in the active comparator arm. Outcomes are assessed at three time points: T0 (baseline, week 0), T1 (immediately post-intervention, week 4), and T2 (12-week follow-up, week 16 from baseline). The primary outcome is the Stability Index measured by the TecnoBody ProKin stabilometric platform. Pre-specified key secondary outcomes include mediolateral standard deviation of the center of pressure, Romberg area ratio, Limits of Stability, the Scoliosis Research Society-22 Patient Questionnaire (SRS-22) total score, and single-leg stance time. Additional exploratory outcomes include further static, dynamic, and proprioceptive balance parameters from the TecnoBody ProKin platform; postural asymmetry parameters from the DIERS Formetric 4D rasterstereography system; and SRS-22 subdomain scores.

Effect of Reactive Balance Training Versus Conventional Balance Training on Dynamic Stability and Change-of-Direction Performance in Competitive Tennis Players

This randomized controlled trial aims to compare the effectiveness of reactive balance training versus conventional balance training on dynamic stability and change of direction performance. Participants will be randomly allocated into two groups. Each group will receive its respective intervention over a 6-week period. Outcome measures, including dynamic stability assessed by the Y-Balance Test and change-of-direction performance measured using the 505 Agility Test, will be evaluated at baseline and after the intervention. The study is designed to determine which training approach is more effective in improving balance and functional performance.

INDIVIDUALIZED DUAL-TASK TRAINING FOR BALANCE AND MOBILITY IN OLDER ADULTS

The goal of this clinical trial is to prevent functional decline and improve mobility in healthy older adults aged 65 and over. The main questions it aims to answer are: What is the effect of individualized dual-task training on functional balance and mobility compared to standard training? Does personalized sensory and cognitive training significantly reduce the dual-task cost during walking tasks? Researchers will compare the Individualized Dual-Task Group to a Standardized Dual-Task Group and a Single-Task Control Group to see if personalized adjustments in sensory and cognitive loads lead to superior improvements in balance, gait speed, and motor-cognitive interference. Participants will: Complete an initial assessment of motor and cognitive capacities to determine individual baseline levels. Participate in a supervised exercise program 3 days a week for 8 weeks, with each session lasting 40-45 minutes. Perform motor tasks such as walking, obstacle crossing, and balance exercises while simultaneously engaging in cognitive tasks (e.g., counting, verbal fluency). (For the individualized group) Undergo weekly adjustments in exercise difficulty, including sensory manipulations like surface changes and head movements based on their performance.

Application of Device-based Training to Improve Postural Control in Older Adults With CCI

The goal of this clinical trial is to improve comprehensive rehabilitation programs for elderly patients with chronic cerebral ischemia by incorporating training methods with biofeedback for postural control training. The main objectives of the study are as follows: To evaluate the effectiveness of incorporating stabilometric training with biofeedback using the Huber system (LPG Systems, France) and treadmill-based biofeedback training using the C-Mill system (Physiomed Elektromedizin AG, Germany) into comprehensive rehabilitation programs, with respect to postural and cognitive functions in elderly patients with chronic cerebral ischemia. To conduct a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of training programs performed using the Huber (LPG Systems, France) and C-Mill (Physiomed Elektromedizin AG, Germany) biofeedback systems, based on outcomes related to gait pattern recovery, postural parameters, and cognitive performance. The investigators will compare training sessions using the Huber and C-Mill biofeedback systems with a control group (patients receiving conventional therapeutic exercise) in order to determine whether these devices are effective in improving postural control and reducing the risk of falls in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia. Participants are required to: Complete a course consisting of 8 procedures, performed once daily. Report any adverse events occurring during or after the procedures, should they arise.

The Effects of Brain Breaks on Dynamic Balance in University Students

The goal of this study is to learn if an online physical activity program called "Brain Breaks" can improve well-being among university students. It will also explore how physical activity relates to dynamic balance, emotion regulation, and resilience. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does the Brain Breaks program increase students' dynamic balance? Does it affect emotion regulation, or resilience? Researchers will compare a group that does Brain Breaks activities to a group that does not, to see if the program has positive effects. Participants will: Take part in an 8-week program If in the Brain Breaks group, do short 5-10 minute physical activity videos, five times per week

Short-Term Effects of Antihypertensive Drugs on Postural Balance and Fall Risk

The goal of this clinical trial is to compare the short-term effects of three commonly prescribed antihypertensive drug classes (beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, and calcium channel blockers) on postural balance and fall risk in adults with newly diagnosed primary hypertension. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Do different antihypertensive drugs affect objective balance performance and fall risk? * What are the effects of these medications on dizziness and fear of falling? Researchers will use a balance analysis system (Biodex Balance System) and self-reported scales (Dizziness Handicap Inventory and Falls Efficacy Scale) to assess outcomes. Participants will: * Be randomly assigned to one of three drug groups (metoprolol, ramipril, or amlodipine) * Be evaluated at baseline (prior to treatment), at 2 weeks, and at 4 weeks after starting treatment * Complete balance tests and questionnaires at each time point This study aims to provide clinical insight into how commonly used blood pressure medications may impact balance and fall risk in real-world settings.

Diaphragmatic Kinesio Taping With HIIT in Trained Individuals

This study examines whether adding diaphragmatic kinesio taping to high-intensity interval training (HIIT) improves physical performance in trained individuals. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group will perform an 8-week HIIT program on a cycle ergometer. The other group will follow the same HIIT program and will also receive diaphragmatic kinesio taping before each exercise session. The taping is applied to support breathing muscles and may help improve oxygen use during exercise. Before and after the training period, participants will undergo tests to measure aerobic capacity (VO₂max), anaerobic power (Wingate test), balance (Y-Balance test), lung function (spirometry), body composition, and heart rate responses. The results of this study will help determine whether diaphragmatic kinesio taping provides additional benefits when combined with HIIT training.

Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Combined With Nordic Walking on Gait and Balance in Parkinson's Disease

Parkinson's disease can cause slow or unsteady walking and balance problems that raise the risk of falls. This study will test whether adding a gentle, non-invasive brain stimulation called transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) during a supervised Nordic Walking program improves mobility in people with Parkinson's disease. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either active tDCS or an inactive (sham) procedure that feels the same but does not deliver current, while both groups complete the same supervised walking program. Sessions occur three times per week for four weeks. We will measure walking speed with a 10-Meter Walk Test as the main outcome, and also evaluate balance, motor symptoms, quality of life, and any side effects. We expect that tDCS given during the walking sessions will help people walk faster and feel steadier compared with the walking program alone.

Effect of Orthognathic Surgery on Plantar Pressure and Posture

Orthognathic surgery leads to changes in the three-dimensional position of the jaws, which may result in alterations in head and neck posture as well as overall body posture. These postural changes are also expected to influence plantar pressure distribution. This study aims to evaluate the direction and magnitude of these changes by assessing posture and plantar pressure measurements before and after orthognathic surgery. Postural analysis and plantar pressure measurements will be performed preoperatively and at the 6-month postoperative follow-up in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery. In order to allow a reliable comparison, a control group consisting of non-operated individuals will also be included. The range of natural changes observed in the control group will be determined, and the outcomes will be compared between the surgical and control groups. By comparing preoperative and postoperative measurements, this study aims to evaluate the effects of orthognathic surgery on body posture and plantar pressure distribution. The findings are expected to contribute to the identification of parameters that should be considered in postoperative evaluation and rehabilitation. Furthermore, the results will provide valuable information regarding the postural and plantar pressure changes observed in patients following orthognathic surgery.

Dynamic Q Angle and Core Endurance in Adolescent Athletes With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

This cross-sectional observational study aims to compare trunk mobility, lower extremity flexibility, and functional balance performance across different sports branches in adolescent elite male athletes. Trunk mobility will be assessed using a digital inclinometer in flexion, extension, and rotational movements; hamstring flexibility will be evaluated using the Straight Leg Raise test; and functional balance will be measured using the normalized Y-Balance Test. The study seeks to identify sport-specific biomechanical characteristics and potential indicators related to injury risk and performance adaptations in adolescent competitive athletes.

Motor Development and Early Predictors of Psychomotor Outcomes in Preterm and Term Infants Assessed by MOS-R and Caregiver Questionnaire at 18 and 36 Months

This study examines how early motor behavior in infants relates to their later psychomotor development. Researchers will observe both preterm and full-term infants during the first months of life, using video-based assessments to evaluate spontaneous movements and early postural control. These early motor patterns will be scored with the Motor Optimality Score - Revised (MOS-R). When the children reach 18 and 36 months of age, their development in areas such as motor skills, communication, sensory processing, and social behavior will be evaluated through a caregiver-completed questionnaire. The purpose of the study is to determine whether early motor quality can predict later developmental outcomes, whether preterm and full-term infants with similar motor scores develop differently, and whether early therapy may improve outcomes for infants with low MOS-R results.

Comparative Effects Of Exergaming And Otago Exercise On Anticipatory Postural Control And Sensory Integration In Older Adults

This study explores whether non-immersive, interactive Exergaming using Xbox Kinect can go beyond conventional exercise by actively training the brain and body to react faster, balance smarter, and move more confidently. Through dynamic games like Reflex Ridge and 20,000 Leaks, we aim to stimulate internal perturbations and real-time Sensory Integration, something Otago doesn't directly target. In this randomized controlled trial, 36 older adults (aged 55+) will be assigned to either the Exergaming or Otago group. Both groups will receive 6 weeks of supervised balance training (3x/week, 30 mins/session). Primary outcomes include Sensory Integration, measured using modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction and Balance (mCTSIB) and Anticipatory postural control assessed through Limits of Stability (LOS) test. Timed up and Go (TUG) will capture functional mobility, which will serve as the secondary outcome in this study. Both mCTSIB and LOS will be administered using the Postural Stability System of Biodex, a reliable and valid computerized platform designed to objectively quantify postural control under varying sensory conditions. With evidence-based outcome tools and rigorous analysis, this project doesn't just aim to compare two programs, it's about challenging tradition, modernizing rehab, and making balance training smarter, safer, and more engaging for the elders we serve. This research could be a leap forward in community-based fall prevention and a step toward a more responsive, personalized future in Neurological Rehabilitation.

Development of a Static Balance Assessment Tool for High-Functioning Older Adults (KSVGH25-CT3-09)

This single-center interventional study aims to develop and validate a static balance assessment tool tailored for high-functioning older adults. Participants aged 65 years or older, who achieve a perfect score on the Short Physical Performance Battery and can maintain an open-eyes single-leg stance for at least 10 seconds, will be recruited. The assessment includes body composition measurement, open-eyes/closed-eyes single-leg stance, and the Balance Error Scoring System under firm and foam surface conditions. Each participant will undergo two testing sessions, 5-7 days apart, with both on-site and video-based scoring to determine test-retest reliability. The expected outcome is the development of an accurate and highly applicable static balance measurement tool to support healthy aging and fall prevention in community and long-term care settings.

Additional Effects of Neural Mobilization on Pain, Balance and Quality of Life in Diabetic Neuropathy

Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication of diabetes, affecting up to 50% of patients and causing pain, numbness, and balance impairments, which increase the risk of falls, ulcers, and reduced quality of life. Current treatments mainly manage symptoms, highlighting the need for adjunctive approaches. This randomized controlled trial will evaluate the additional effects of Neural Mobilization (NM) on pain, balance, and quality of life in DPN. Thirty-two patients with type 2 diabetes and DPN will be recruited at Fauji Foundation Hospital and screened using the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI). Participants will be randomized into two groups: (1) NM plus Balance Training with standard care and (2) Balance Training alone, each for six weeks (two 30-minute sessions/week). Pain will be assessed using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), balance using the Berg Balance Scale, and quality of life using the Norfolk QOL-DN questionnaire. Outcome measures will be recorded at baseline and post-intervention. Ethical approval will be obtained from FUMC ERC, and data will be analyzed using SPSS v.22.

Effects of Blood Flow Restriction Exercises on Lumbar Muscle Endurance and Balance in Healthy Young Adults

This study aims to examine the effects of blood flow restriction (BFR) exercises on back muscle endurance and balance in healthy young adults. BFR is a training method that involves applying controlled pressure to the limbs with a cuff while performing simple exercises. It has been shown to improve muscle strength and endurance even at low exercise loads, reducing stress on the joints. In this study, participants aged 20 to 25 years will be randomly assigned to two groups. One group will perform sit-to-stand (STS) exercises combined with BFR, while the other group will perform the same exercises without BFR. The exercise program will last 6 weeks, with 2 sessions per week. Before and after the program, participants will be assessed for: Lumbar extensor muscle endurance (using the Biering-Sørensen test) Balance performance (using a computerized balance platform) Physiological responses such as oxygen saturation, heart rate, and blood pressure The purpose of this research is to determine whether BFR exercises improve spinal muscle endurance and balance more effectively than standard sit-to-stand exercises. The results may provide new insights into the use of BFR training as a safe and practical strategy for improving posture, preventing back problems, and enhancing physical performance in young adults.

Virtual Reality-Based Rehabilitation in Chronic Low Back Pain: Effects on Muscle Architecture, Balance, and Satisfaction (VR-LBPREHAB)

Chronic low back pain is a common musculoskeletal disorder that causes pain, disability, and reduced quality of life. It is often related to changes in trunk muscle function, thoracolumbar fascia morphology, and impaired balance control. Although conventional motor control exercises are effective, patient motivation and adherence can be limited. Virtual reality (VR)-based rehabilitation offers interactive and engaging environments that may improve compliance and provide additional therapeutic benefits. This study is a randomized controlled trial designed to investigate the effects of VR-based rehabilitation compared with conventional motor control exercises in individuals with chronic low back pain. A total of 40-50 participants aged 18-65 will be recruited and randomly assigned to one of two groups: (1) VR-based rehabilitation or (2) conventional exercise therapy. Both programs will last 8 weeks, delivered three times per week for 40 minutes per session. The primary outcomes include muscle architecture assessed by ultrasound imaging, thoracolumbar fascia morphology, and postural balance control measured by force platform tests. Secondary outcomes include pain intensity, disability, fear-avoidance beliefs, quality of life, and patient satisfaction. The findings of this study are expected to provide new insights into the role of VR in rehabilitation and contribute to evidence-based strategies for managing chronic low back pain. By exploring the effects on both physical and patient-reported outcomes, the study may highlight innovative approaches to improve adherence, reduce pain, and enhance daily function in affected individuals.

Investigation of the Relationship Between Central Sensitization and Balance in Fibromyalgia

The aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between central sensitization parameters and changes in static and dynamic balance in patients with fibromyalgia. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Do central sensitization parameters differ in patients with fibromyalgia compared to healthy individuals? * How is balance performance in these individuals compared to healthy controls? * Do central sensitization parameters affect static and dynamic balance in patients with fibromyalgia? * Do central sensitization parameters lead to quantitative changes in balance in patients with fibromyalgia?

Additional Effects of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation With Otago Exercises on Fall Risk in Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Diabetes Mellitus is considered as one of the most prevalent issues among global population and 50% of all the diabetic patients particularly diabetes type II develop peripheral neuropathy. Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) affects feet and legs first, followed by the hands and arms. This study will involve two groups, one performing the Otago Exercise Program, and the other performing a combined PNF and Otago exercise protocol. This study aims to assess the additional effects of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation with Otago Exercise Program on Risk of fall which will be assessed by assessing balance, Fear of Fall and Sensory Function. Key outcome measures, including the Berg Balance Scale, Fall Efficacy Scale, Functional Reach test and Semmes Weinstein Monofilament Test will be used in evaluating the effectiveness of the exercise interventions. The participants would be screened through Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument and Berg Balance scale for inclusion criteria, and outcome measures will be assessed by using Berg Balance Scale, Fall efficacy scale, Functional Reach Test and Semmes Weinstein Monofilament testing method on the day of starting the intervention and on the last day of intervention. Intervention will be given for a total of 40-50 minutes per session, 3 sessions/week for consecutive 6 weeks And than the data will be recorded at the end of 6 weeks again.

Motor-cognitive Performance in People With Multiple Sclerosis

Having a neurological disease such as multiple sclerosis (MS) leads to difficulties in balance and gait with or without concurrent performance of cognitive tasks, hindering activity performance and influencing the possibilities for an independent lifestyle. The investigators have adapted a previously developed balance training program to a highly challenging program specifically directed to MS (HiBalance-MS). This program was recently tested and found feasible in a pilot study. The investigators will now perform a randomized controlled trial in people with MS, in order to determine the effects of the program. The hypothesis is that progressively challenging balance exercise programs that are specific to the balance control domains affected by MS will be effective to improve balance control, walking, motor-cognitive performance, activity performance and health related quality of life.

The Effect of Motor Image Training on Balance Performance in Geriatric Individuals

The goal of this study \[type of study: clinical trial\] is to was planned to investigate the effect of motor imagery training given to geriatric individuals with action observation on their balance performance and to compare these two methods. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Is virtual reality-based balance training given together with action observation and motor imagery for six weeks in geriatric individuals more effective in improving static balance than virtual reality-based balance training given alone? 2. Is virtual reality-based balance training given together with action observation and motor imagery for six weeks in geriatric individuals more effective in improving dynamic balance than virtual reality-based balance training given alone? 3. Is virtual reality-based balance training given together with motor imagery for six weeks in geriatric individuals more effective in increasing balance confidence than virtual reality-based balance training given alone? 46 geriatric individuals will be randomized into 2 groups. Along with action observation, motor imagery training and virtual reality-based balance training will be given to the study group. On the other hand, only virtual reality-based balance training will be given to the control group. All assessments will be repeated before and after the trainings. The trainings will be applied 2 days a week for 6 weeks. Each training session; 25 minutes for the control group and 45 minutes for the study group.

Dynamic Balance in Unilateral Transtibial Amputees Following Virtual Reality Versus Conventional Rehabilitation

Amputation causes somatic and psychological damage. Prognostic factors for postoperative gait recovery include the need for proprioceptive re-education for dynamic balance. Improved gait patterns and use of the prosthesis contribute to an overall improvement in the amputee's autonomy. Virtual reality coupled with movement analysis allows personalization of treatment with objective assessment of progress. The study authors hypothesize that a virtual reality protocol for the dynamic balance of a unilateral transtibial amputee in initial rehabilitation will improve the dynamic balance assessment criteria compared with a conventional rehabilitation protocol.