Clinical Research Directory

ACT Lung Health Intervention: Phase Two

This study aims to test a counseling and educational program designed to improve lung health through smoking cessation for Chinese and Korean American smokers at high risk for lung cancer.

Nicotinic Hepatic Metabolism on Neuroreceptor Substrates of Nicotine Addiction

Physically healthy adult smokers may be eligible for this study. Volunteers may participate in this study if they are 18 - 65 years old. Subjects will participate in two separate 7-hour PET/CT Scan Sessions (each with 2 hours of actual PET/CT scanning): one following an overnight abstinence and one following two overnights of abstinence. To achieve and confirm two overnights of abstinence, participants will present to the inpatient CHPS the day prior to the scheduled scan and stay overnight. The 2-\[18F\]-FA PET/CT brain scans will consist of an injection followed by an 7-hour infusion of 2-\[18F\]-FA. The scan session will begin at approximately 4 hours after the bolus injection. The PET/CT scan will occur in two segments. Starting at approximately 4 hours post bolus and infusion start, we will scan for approximately 90 minutes with a bolus injection of IV nicotine that will occur approximately 15 minutes into the scanning procedure. There will be a break in scanning of approximately 60 minutes, during which subjects will be allowed to get off the scanner and use the restroom, if necessary. The second scan segment will start at approximately 6.5 hours post bolus injection, t. This segment will last approximately 30 minutes. The pre and post nicotine images will be analyzed to evaluate for differences in receptor uptake after the nicotine "challenge". Subjects will have a structural Brain MRI performed within 1 year prior to study enrollment or subjects who have not had a Brain MRI that is deemed acceptable for use for this study will undergo a research Brain MRI after consent.

Digitally Enhanced Smoking Cessation for High Risk Smokers

This is a research study, is testing a program to improve lung health through smoking cessation and providing education around lung screening. In this research study involves Studying the Enhanced Smoking Cessation Approaches to Promote Empowerment (ESCAPE) program compared to usual care. The ESCAPE program was developed help women with HIV quit smoking. Women in the ESCAPE program quit smoking and stayed quit for longer (up to 3 months). For this study, investigators have added a lung screening to the ESCAPE program and want to test if this will improve lung health through increasing quit rates and lung screening. .

Leveraging Community Pharmacists to Optimize Smoking Cessation Services for Rural Smokers in Appalachia

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effectiveness and implementation of a pharmacist-delivered MTM (medication therapy management) approach, called QuitAid, to quitting cigarette smoking in rural Appalachia. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Is QuitAid, alone or combined with other quitting tobacco treatments, effective? * What makes QuitAid easy or hard to carry out? Is it cost effective? Is it easy to maintain? Treatment: All participants will be given at least 4 weeks of the nicotine patch. Some participants will be randomized (like the flip of a coin) to receive additional treatments (listed below). These groups will be compared to each other to see which combination works best to help them quit smoking. * Smokefree TXT - a texting program that helps people quit smoking * Tobacco quitline - 4 phone sessions to help people quit smoking * 8 weeks of NRT (nicotine replacement therapy in the form of nicotine patches or nicotine patches and lozenge) medication instead of 4 weeks * QuitAid - An MTM program given by the patient's pharmacist. This is a quitting smoking coaching program * Nicotine patch AND nicotine lozenge instead of just nicotine patches

A Study Evaluating the Use of an Indoor Air Quality Monitor to Promote a Smoke-free Home

The purpose of this study is to evaluate how using an indoor air quality monitor can promote a smoke-free home for cancer patients who are enrolled in MSK's Tobacco Treatment Program.

Respiratory Function and Oxygenation in Smokers and Non-smokers

This study aimed to compare respiratory function, exercise capacity, and intercostal muscle oxygenation in healthy smokers and non-smokers.

V+PSF-M for Tobacco Cessation in HIV Care in India

The goal of this research study is to test an intervention to help quit tobacco use in participants with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The study interventions used in this research study are: * Positively Smoke Free - Mobile (PSF-M) (mobile behavioral program) * Varenicline (or Chantix, apovarenicline, Champix or Nocrav)

The Efficacy of Conventional Screening Versus mHealth Screening in Early Detection of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Oral Cancer Amongst the Rural Population of Varanasi: A Prospective and Blinded Study

Mobile health (mHealth) will be used for early detection of oral cancer and pre-cancer lesions, and to improve awareness of oral cancer among the population and knowledge of oral cancer diagnosis among frontline health providers. This program is inclusive of long term surveillance to downstage oral cancer in India

BROnchoalveolar Investigations of Never-smokers With Chronic Obstruction From the Swedish CardioPulmonary bioImage Study

Obstructive lung disease is an increasing global health problem of pandemic proportions, with COPD alone affecting \>10% of the population. Smoking is the main and most well studies risk factor for developing COPD. However, chronic airway obstruction also in never-smoking populations has recently been recognized as an increasing health problem. In the clinical segment (PI: Prof. C. Magnus Skold), 1000 subjects from the Swedish national SCAPIS study will be clinically well characterized in one of the six Swedish University Hospital Respiratory clinics (clinical site PIs: Anders Andersson, Leif Bjermer, Anders Blomberg, Christer Janson, Lennart Persson, Magnus Skold). This first screening includes all never-smokers with COPD identified in the SCAPIS study. A subset of 300 subjects from the groups of Healthy never-smokers, current-smokers with normal lung function, current-smokers with COPD, ex-smokers with COPD, and never-smokers with COPD will be selected for the Bronchoscopy segment, were sampling will be performed from a number of anatomical locations, including bronchial biopsies, airway epithelial brushings, and bronchoalveolar lavage. Serum, plasma, and urine samples will also be collected. In the systems medicine segment (PI: Assoc. prof Asa M. Wheelock), alterations at the epigenetic, mRNA, microRNA, proteome, metabolome and microbiome level will be performed from multiple lung compartments (airway epithelium, alveolar macrophages, exosomes, and bronchoalveolar exudates). By means of biostatistics and bioinformatics approaches, specific mediators and molecular pathways critical in the pathological mechanisms of obstructive lung disease related to never-smoker disease phenotypes will be identified. In the immunohistochemistry segment (PI: Prof. Jonas Erjefalt), a number of molecules of relevance for disease pathology will be investigated in bronchial biopsies collected from the 300 subjects in the Bronchoscopy segment.

Cue Effects in Human Addiction: Pavlovian to Instrumental Transfer

Individuals with substance use disorders (SUD) have to cope with drug-related cues and contexts, which can affect instrumental drug seeking as shown with Pavlovian to instrumental transfer (PIT) paradigms in animals and humans. The investigators aimed to investigate the impact of acute and chronic stress on Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer (PIT), how PIT it is associated with cognitive control abilities and whether such effects predict losing vs. regaining control in subjects with AUD. Moreover, the investigators aimed to develop a novel full transfer task that assesses both, general and specific PIT to investigate whether specific PIT differs between alcohol use disorder (AUD) and control subjects.

The Next Step in Smoking Prevention: the Reduction of Tobacco Retail Outlets, a Comprehensive Policy Evaluation

Few countries have legislation to reduce the number and types of tobacco retail outlets. The Netherlands plans to ban tobacco sales in supermarkets in 2024. The overall aim of this proposed research is to evaluate the implementation of new legislation to reduce the number and types of tobacco outlets in the Netherlands, up until and including the ban on sales of tobacco in supermarkets. In a comprehensive policy evaluation, the investigators plan to examine (1) the impact of the policy on the number and types of tobacco outlets, (2) the impact on attitudes and behaviors of smoking adults and non-smoking youth, and (3) the influence of the tobacco industry on the policy process and the retail environment. In addition, the investigators plan to focus on differential effects in disadvantaged neighborhoods, where both smoking rates and tobacco outlet density are typically highest. The investigators bring together a unique combination of economic, psychological, and journalistic research methods. The investigators examine the impact of the new legislation on the amount and type of tobacco outlets and on the number of smokers by using routinely collected monitoring data. The investigators examine the impact of the legislation on smoking susceptibility of non-smoking youth and on impulse tobacco purchases by smoking adults with yearly quantitative surveys (two surveys before the policy implementation and two after) and with qualitative interviews and discussion sessions. The investigators examine whether these impacts differ for disadvantaged versus non-disadvantaged neighborhoods. The investigators examine what strategies the tobacco industry uses to influence the new legislation, policy processes, and the tobacco retail environment by performing a journalistic investigation, using for example documents obtained by Freedom of Information Act requests, (possibly) leaked documents from insider meetings, and interviews with insiders. Our research will provide a comprehensive evaluation of the effects of the implementation of the proposed legislative measures. Based on our results, the investigators will formulate recommendations for the Dutch Cancer Society, the Dutch government, and for other countries who consider reducing the number of tobacco outlets; highlight potential areas for further development and improvement within the legislative framework and provide recommendations on how to counter the lobby from the tobacco industry.

An Observational Study on the Natural Course of Chronic Pancreatitis

To explore the impact on genetic and environmental factors for clinical manifestation, and the progression of chronic pancreatitis, including development of pancreatic insufficiency and other complications.