Clinical Research Directory

SCAF-TB - Saving Children and Their Families From Tuberculosis: Implementation Research to Improve TB Preventive Treatment Initiation and Completion Rates Among Contact Persons in Tajikistan and Tanzania

The SCAF-TB study aims to evaluate how the WHO-endorsed SIILTIBCY skin test can be best implemented to test close contacts for tuberculosis infection (TBI) in Tajikistan and Tanzania, either facility-based or home-based delivered by community health workers (CHWs) with or without AI-facilitated diagnostic tools. The overall goal of this study is to improve access to innovative tuberculosis (TB) preventive services among children and their families in Tanzania and Tajikistan, both settings with a high burden of TB. Persons in close contact with people diagnosed with bacteriologically confirmed TB disease will be identified through the index patient and home visits. They will decide the preferred location for TBI testing, either at home or at the facility. Community health workers will be trained to implement home-based TB prevention services, including TBI testing and AI-assisted reading, and ruling out TB disease using a cough app (along traditional screening practices). The main objectives of the study are: 1. To assess whether CHWs can reliably measure SIILTIBCY results in TB contact persons at their homes, with or without the support of AI-assisted reading tools. 2. To determine how feasible and acceptable it is for CHWs to perform home-based SIILTIBCY testing, both with and without AI assistance. 3. To assess the added value, feasibility, and acceptability of using a mobile cough screening application, administered by CHWs, to help rule out TB disease. 4. To evaluate the impact of these home-based TBI testing strategies on improving uptake and completion of TB preventive treatment (TPT), as well as their budget implications for both the health care system and affected households. The study will be conducted in primary health care facilities in Tajikistan and Tanzania, which have access to short-course TPT regimens. The study population is composed of persons in close contact with people diagnosed with bacteriologically confirmed TB disease, and eligible for TPT as per national guidelines. The main outcomes of interest are: 1. SIILTIBCY inter-reader agreement CHW (home-based) and HCW (facility-based) 2. SIILTIBCY inter-reader agreement CHW with AI reading and without AI reading 3. Proportion tested for TBI out of those eligible for TBI testing 4. Proportion tested positive for TBI, stratified by demographic characteristics and mode of delivery 5. Diagnostic agreement between a cough application and symptom screening 6. Proportion initiated on TPT out of those eligible for TPT, stratified by regimen and mode of testing 7. Proportion completing TPT out of those initiated on TPT, stratified by regimen and mode of testing. 8. Interest-holders' perspectives on home-based TBI testing and cough app screening. 9. Budgetary impact scaling-up home-based TBI testing and cough app screening

Systems Analysis and Improvement Approach to Prevent TB

This randomized trial uses the evidence-based Systems Analysis and Improvement Approach (SAIA) adapted for tuberculosis (SAIA-TB) to assess the comprehensive tuberculosis (TB) care cascade across 16 clinics in rural Eastern Cape, South Africa to improve patient outcomes. The aims of this study are to: * Evaluate the effectiveness of SAIA-TB use in clinics on TB cascade outcomes for TB patients and with high-risk contacts * Determine the drivers of SAIA-TB implementation success or failure across clinics The investigators hypothesize that SAIA-TB implementation will lead to a 20% increase in each of: TB screening, TB preventive treatment initiation, and TB disease treatment initiation during the 18-month intervention period.