Clinical Research Directory

Chewing Gum and Cold Gargle on Post-Bronchoscopy Symptoms: A Randomized Controlled Study

This study aims to evaluate the effects of chewing gum and gargling with cold water on common post-bronchoscopy symptoms, such as sore throat and difficulty swallowing (dysphagia). Bronchoscopy is a procedure that can cause temporary throat discomfort. In this randomized controlled trial, patients will be divided into groups to receive either chewing gum, cold water gargle, or standard care. The researchers will then measure and compare patient satisfaction levels and the severity of throat symptoms to determine if these simple interventions can improve patient comfort after the procedure.

Soaked Pharyngeal Packing Agents in Septoplasty

Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a frequent and distressing complication after general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation, particularly in nasal surgery for example, functional endoscopic sinus surgery, septoplasty, or septo-rhinoplasty, where pharyngeal packing is routine. While pharyngeal packs may reduce blood ingestion, they may exacerbate POST, warranting effective pharmacologic prophylaxis. This study assesses the efficacy of dexamethasone-soaked pharyngeal packs in reducing incidence of POST in patients undergoing elective septoplasty surgeries.

Improving Patient-centered Communication and Antibiotic Use With Information Sheets for Acute Respiratory Tract Infections: A Study Protocol

The goal of this trial is to investigate if the use of information sheets regarding acute respiratory tract infections will lead to more rational antibiotic prescribing and increase patient-centered communication i Danish general practice. The main questions to be answered: * Will the use of information sheets lower antibiotic prescribing. * Will the use of information sheets increase patient-centered communication. We will compare use of information sheets in the consultation with patients with symptoms of acute respiratory tract infections to usual care (control) to find out if information sheets lower antibiotic prescribing. Participants will be presented to the information sheets during the consultation regarding symptoms of acute respiratory tract infection. Participants will fill in a short questionaire regarding patient-centered communication shortly after the consultation.

Endotracheal Tube Suctioning Versus No Suctioning During Emergence From General Anesthesia

The goal of this study is to determine whether omitting tracheal suctioning immediately prior to extubation is non-inferior to routine tracheal suctioning with respect to early postoperative oxygenation among adult surgical patients (aged 18-90 years, American Society of Anesthesiologists \[ASA\] physical status I-III) undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation. The study addresses the following questions: * Primary outcome (non-inferiority): * Is the risk of postoperative desaturation (oxygen saturation \[SpO₂\] \<92% within 60 minutes after extubation) in the no-suction group not worse than in the routine-suction group by more than 10 percentage points? * Secondary outcomes (superiority): * Does omitting tracheal suctioning reduce postoperative cough severity and sore throat? * Does omitting tracheal suctioning avoid increasing extubation-related adverse events? Participants will be randomly assigned (1:1) to one of two groups: * Routine suctioning (SUC): Endotracheal suctioning plus oropharyngeal suctioning immediately before extubation * No suctioning (NON-SUC): Oropharyngeal suctioning only, without endotracheal suctioning All participants will receive standard anesthetic care and postoperative monitoring in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) for 60 minutes. Follow-up for airway symptoms and patient satisfaction will be conducted at 24 hours after surgery.

Effect of Nebulized Magnesium Sulfate on Post-intubation Stress Response in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

This randomized controlled double blinded study will be carried out on 140 patients underwent elective fit laparoscopic cholecystectomy at El-Rajhi Assiut University Hospital. Inclusion criteria: * 20-50 years old. * Both sexes. * American society of anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-II. * Elective fit laparoscopic cholecystectomy Exclusion criteria: * Patient refusal. * Patients with history of hypersensitivity to magnesium sulfate. * Patients with coronary ischemic disease, atrioventricular block of any degree, known cardiac arrhythmias, heart failure on beta blockers or calcium channel blockers expected difficult intubation (Mallampati 4). * Body mass index (BMI) \> 40 kg/m2. An online randomization program (http://www.randomizer.org) will be used to generate a random list and each patients' code will be kept in an opaque sealed envelope. Patients will be randomly allocated with 1:1 allocation ratio into two equal groups in a parallel manner: * Group A: (N=70) Patients will receive nebulized magnesium sulfate in 5 ml (250 mg) over 15 min. * Group B: (N=70) Patients received nebulized normal saline in 5 ml over 15 min, ending 5 min before the induction of anesthesia. A. Preoperative assessment: All patients will be subjected to the followings: 1. Demographic data collection (age, weight, height, BMI, and ASA). 2. Complete clinical examination. 3. Routine Laboratory investigations: * Random blood sugar. * Blood sample withdrawal for cortisol level at baseline 2ml intravenously. The sample will be sent to be centrifugated within 30 minutes and the serum will be separated and stored in -20°C till time of cortisol level by ELIZA technique.

Different Models of Tracheal Catheters Are Used for Female Thyroid Glands

Objective:Compare whether the use of tracheal catheters of models 6.0 and 6.5 causes less sore throat in women after thyroid surgery compared with the traditional use of model 7.0 tracheal catheters.Methods: Investigators enrolled 180 female patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I and III, aged 18-65 years, and scheduled for elective undergoing thyroid surgery with general anesthesia. The participants were randomly assigned into three groups(n=60 each group):Group A: Tracheal catheter group with an inner diameter of 6.0mm, Group B: Tracheal catheter group with an inner diameter of 6.5mm, Group C: Tracheal catheter group with an inner diameter of 7.0mm.The incidence and severity of postoperative sore throat were recorded in three groups at 1 h, 6 h, 24 h and 48 h after operation.

Intravenous Lidocaine Plus Intratracheal Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Sore Throat

Objective: The present study was to investigate the effect of intravenous lidocaine combined with intratracheal dexmedetomidine on postoperative sore throat in patients undergoing thyroid cancer surgery. Methods: Investigators enrolled 144 patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I and II, aged 18-65 years, and scheduled for elective undergoing thyroid cancer surgery with general anesthesia. The participants were randomly assigned into four groups(n=36 each group): Group L received lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg was injected intravenously 3 min before endotracheal intubation and tracheal spray with 0.8% ropivacaine 40 mg (5 mL) for surface anesthesia. Group D received equal volume normal saline was injected intravenously 3 min before tracheal intubation and tracheal spray with dexmedetomidine (1 μg/kg) mixed with 0.8% ropivacaine 40 mg (5 mL). Group LD received lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg was injected intravenously 3 min before endotracheal intubation and tracheal spray with dexmedetomidine (1 μg/kg) mixed with 0.8% ropivacaine 40 mg (5 mL). Group C received equal volume normal saline was injected intravenously 3 min before tracheal intubation and tracheal spray with 0.8% ropivacaine 40 mg (5 mL) for surface anesthesia.The incidence and severity of postoperative sore throat were recorded in four groups at 1 h, 2 h, 6 h, 24 h and 48 h after operation.

Benzydamine Hydrochloride and Post-operative Sore Throat

Postoperative sore throat (POST) after laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion is prevalent and unappealing. A significant cause of POST is mechanical injury to the airway mucosa during airway instrumentation, leading to mucosal injury and inflammation. The Difflam Forte Anti-Inflammatory Throat Spray (Difflam) contains benzydamine hydrochloride, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with topical analgesic properties. This study will randomize 106 women undergoing gynaecological surgery under general anaesthesia with LMA use at KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH) in 1:1 allocation ratio of study (Difflam spray) and control (usual practice; no intervention) groups. Demographic and intraoperative airway data collection will be conducted in perioperative period. Those allocated to study group will receive Difflam spray when awake in the post-anaesthesia care unit (PACU). The primary aim to determine if patients undergoing general anaesthesia with LMA use with the Difflam spray in PACU will have a lower incidence of POST in the immediate and 4 hours postoperative recovery period, as compared with those in the control group. Other outcome measures include the severity of pain of sore throat as measured by the visual analog scale, and incidence of side effects associated with the Difflam spray. This proposal will determine whether the use of Difflam spray is suitable to be implemented in local clinical setting and improve perioperative care.

Sore Throat in Primary Care - a Comparison of Phenoxymethylpenicillin and No Antibiotic Treatment

Sore throat is the second most common cause of antibiotic prescribing in primary care in Sweden. Guidelines for sore throat focus on identifying people with sore throat where there are 3 and 4 specified criteria and where near patient tests identify group A streptococci (GAS). In these cases, phenoxymethylpenicillin is recommended. Studies that have identified microorganisms in sore throat show that there are other bacteria and viruses than GAS, that give similar symptoms and that sometimes no microorganism is trapped despite pronounced symptoms. In recent years, a bacterium F. necrophorum has been identified, which is found in increased incidence of sore throat, but it is also found in healthy individuals. In clinical practice, many patients are treated with penicillin even if GAS is not captured. This may be because the doctor perceives the patient as sick or because other bacteria are not caught with a near patient test which causes the doctor to treat anyway. The specific aims are to in patients with GAS-negative sore throat and 3 and 4 criteria, aged 15 years and older in primary care, study whether phenoxymethylpenicillin treatment shortens the duration of the disease, reduces the symptom intensity and sickness absence, and investigates the importance of other microorganisms than GAS in sore throat. The study is a randomized controlled trial in which patients with sore throat are randomized to phenoxymethylpenicillin 3 times daily for 10 days or to no antibiotic therapy. There will also be and a reference group with severe (Centor score 3-4), GAS-positive acute tonsillitis. Blood samples for inflammatory and immunological response to infections are taken. Throat samples for culture of F. necrophorum and streptococcal groups C and G, as well as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis for bacteria and viruses are also taken at inclusion and at follow-up. The outcome will be followed in a patient diary for 10 days and at a return visit after 18-24 days where the clinical outcome is asked for and where the blood- and throat samples are repeated. Follow-up will also takes place via e-mail after 1 and 3 months.

Air-Q and Proseal Laryngeal Mask in Elderly Patients

Aged- related changes in upper airway anatomy may affect the overall performance of supraglottic airways significantly. In this study, investigator aim to compare the clinical performance, efficacy, and associated complications of the Proseal Laryngeal Mask and the Air-Q Intubation Laryngeal Airway in elderly patients.