Clinical Research Directory

Electroacupuncture Combined With 5-HT3 Receptor Inhibitor for the Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in High-risk Patients Undergoing Thoracoscopic Surgery for Lung Cancer: A Single-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial

This study aims to investigate the safety and efficacy of electroacupuncture (EA) combined with 5-HT3 receptor inhibitor dolasetron in preventing nausea and vomiting in high-risk patients after video-assisted thoracoscopic (VATS) surgery. This is a prospective, randomized, sham-controlled, blinded study designed to enroll perioperative patients at high risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) (with an Apfel score ≥ 3) who are scheduled to undergo video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for lung resection. Eligible patients will be randomly assigned to 2 sessions of EA or sham electroacupuncture (SA) during the perioperative time. All patients will receive prophylactic antiemetic medication of dolasetron and dexamethasone. The primary outcome will be the incidence of PONV within 24 hours after surgery. The secondary outcomes include the incidence of postoperative nausea (PON), postoperative vomiting (POV), or PONV at different time intervals within 48 hours after surgery (upon awakening, 6, 24, 48 hours postoperatively), severity of PON (assessed by Visual Analogue Scale, VAS score), frequency of POV, usage rate of rescue antiemetic drugs, average dosage intensity of opioids administered during and after surgery, average exhaust time and average defecation time; average length of hospital stay, and recording of adverse events related to acupuncture.

Effectiveness of Unilateral Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) Block vs Bilateral TAP Block in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy.

In this study, patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy will be randomly divided into 2 groups after consent. Group A patients will be administered a one-sided (right unilateral) regional TAP block and group B patients will be administered the same block on both sides (bilateral) and the effects in terms of post surgery pain during the 1st 24 hours, nausea vomiting, and the need and dosage of intravenous analgesic and antiemetic will be studied to see whether one technique is superior to the other or not.

Comparison of Target-Controlled and Manual Total Intravenous Anesthesia in Supratentorial Surgery

This study aims to investigate the effect of target-controlled infusion using the Eleveld pharmacokinetic model compared with manually controlled total intravenous anesthesia on the incidence of postoperative delirium in patients undergoing supratentorial surgery. Propofol and remifentanil are administered using either target-controlled or manual infusion techniques according to the study protocol. Secondary objectives include comparisons of intraoperative anesthetic consumption, hemodynamic responses, recovery profiles, postoperative pain, and postoperative nausea and vomiting between the two anesthesia strategies. The study seeks to evaluate whether target-controlled infusion provides improved anesthetic management and postoperative outcomes compared with manual total intravenous anesthesia.

Oliceridine Versus Sufentanil for Postoperative Nausea in Cerebellopontine Angle Surgery

This single-center, double-blind, randomized controlled trial aims to determine whether oliceridine for patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) can significantly reduce the incidence of postoperative nausea, an opioid-related adverse reaction, compared to sufentanil PCIA in patients undergoing cerebellopontine angle (CPA) region surgery. A secondary objective is to compare the postoperative analgesic effects between the two drugs. The study plans to enroll 174 patients (with a calculated sample size of 164 plus 5% for attrition). The primary outcome is the incidence of nausea within 6-48 hours postoperatively. Secondary outcomes include pain scores at rest and during movement within 48 hours, and other exploratory outcomes such as vomiting incidence, time to first flatus/defecation, and gastrointestinal function scores.

Comparison of the Effects of Moderate- and High-Dose Glucocorticoids on Postoperative Recovery

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a commonly performed minimally invasive surgical procedure; however, postoperative pain, nausea, and delayed recovery remain clinically relevant problems. Glucocorticoids such as dexamethasone are widely used in perioperative care for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting and as part of multimodal analgesia strategies. This prospective randomized controlled trial aims to compare the effects of moderate- and high-dose intravenous dexamethasone administered intraoperatively on postoperative recovery in patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The primary outcomes include postoperative nausea and vomiting, inflammatory markers (CRP and WBC), and Quality of Recovery-15 (QoR-15) scores. Secondary outcomes include postoperative pain scores, intraoperative remifentanil consumption, postoperative opioid consumption, and adverse events.

Aromatherapy Treatment With Lavender Essential Oil to Reduce Post-Operative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV)

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of aromatherapy through the use of inhaled Lavender oil in reducing patients' nausea during the post-operative period.

Non-opioid Anesthesia Based on Thoracic Paravertebral Block During Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy

Regional anesthesia is a technique in which a local anesthetic is injected near a nerve or spinal cord to block sensation, motor stimulation, and pain. In this study, an ultrasound-guided paravertebral block will be used, with careful consideration of all positive and negative factors and possible complications. A thoracic paravertebral block is performed by inserting a needle into the intercostal spaces on the back, approximately 4 cm lateral to the spine. Many studies support excellent pain control with this technique, during and after surgery in thoracic and abdominal surgery. Investigators aim to achieve faster patient mobility after surgery, rapid recovery of bowel function, reduced nausea and vomiting, and maximum pain control. The use of opioids, which can additionally cause respiratory suppression and drowsiness, is avoided. At any time in case of need to switch from laparoscopic to open surgery, equally adequate anesthesia and postoperative analgesia are ensured without the need to change the approach to the same. In this study, the basic scientific assumption (hypothesis) of the researchers is that non-opioid anesthesia with thoracic paravertebral block provides adequate pain control during and long-term after the surgical procedure, without the side effects of opioid anesthesia. The main goal of the study is to determine which type of anesthesia results in the best pain control and most significantly reduces complications of anesthesia and surgery in overweight patients who are scheduled for laparoscopic longitudinal gastrectomy and partial/total gastrectomy.

Dual-chamber Patient-controlled Analgesia for Postoperative Recovery

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are the most common complications that can occur after general anesthesia. Postoperative use of opioids and morbid obesity have been reported as risk factors of PONV. In this study, the investigators aimed to compare the degree of postoperative side effects and pain control when an intravenous patient-controlled analgesia combining fentanyl and ketorolac via a dual-chamber device was provided to participants undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.

Sugammadex Reduces Antiemetic Effect of Dexamethasone

Sugammadex is a medication used for reversal of muscle relaxation during procedures under general anesthesia. It works by encapsulating muscle relaxant molecules with a steroid ring in its structure. On the other hand, postoporative nause and vomiting (PONV) is an adverse outcome during anesthesia. PONV can be prevented with pharmacologic agents such as ondansetron and dexamethasone. Dexamethasone is a steroidal agent that can interact with sugammadex. In theory, this interaction could lead to reduced effectiveness of sugammadex. In fact, several studies have explored this interaction. However, the effect of sugammadex on the antiemetic effect of dexamethasone has not been evaluated. This study intends to evaluate this interaction.

Effect of TEAS on PONV After Spinal Surgery

The proposed research will utilize electroacupuncture, a type of needleless acupuncture that uses electrostimulation, in a randomized, double blind study, to evaluate the incidence of post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients undergoing spinal surgeries with the transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) compared to patients without TEAS.

Betamethasone (Betapred®) as Premedication for Reducing Postoperative Vomiting and Pain After Tonsillectomy

Betamethasone is currently given routinely in conjunction with tonsillectomy surgery at the majority of Ear, Nose \& Throat clinics in Sweden. The scientific evidence regarding the effects of betamethasone in adults is limited when it comes to postoperative nausea (PONV), pain and postoperative bleeding.

Pain and Nausea After Gallbladder Surgery

The study is primarily an exploratory study of quality registry data for a swedish national cohort of patients who have undergone gallbladder surgery or ERCP, with the aim of investigating the occurrence of pain and PONV (Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting) after gallbladder surgery. Furthermore, the investigators will explorer if there are factors related to the patient or the surgical procedure that are associated with a higher risk of PONV or pain.