Clinical Research Directory

Turkish Validity and Reliability of the Behavioral Indicators of Pain Scale(ESCID)

A significant proportion of patients hospitalized in intensive care units (ICUs) require mechanical ventilation, and the treatments applied during this process may cause pain. Pain is defined as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. Although it is associated with delirium and agitation, pain is often an overlooked symptom in ICU patients, and a large proportion of mechanically ventilated patients continue to experience moderate to severe pain. The most common type of pain in critically ill patients is nociceptive pain, which may result from invasive procedures such as tracheal intubation, catheter insertion, aspiration, wound care, and patient repositioning. Additionally, the noisy and unfamiliar ICU environment and patients' inability to express themselves may further increase the perception of pain. Regular assessment of pain is associated with many positive outcomes, including more effective pain management, appropriate use of analgesic and sedative medications, and shorter duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU stay. Although self-reporting of pain is considered the gold standard, many patients receiving mechanical ventilation are unable to communicate their pain. Therefore, various behavioral pain assessment scales are used to evaluate pain in ICU patients. One of these tools is the Behavioral Indicators of Pain Scale (Escala de Conductas Indicadoras de Dolor - ESCID), which was developed to assess pain in critically ill adult patients receiving mechanical ventilation who are unable to communicate. However, a Turkish version of this scale has not yet been developed. Therefore, the aim of this study is to translate the ESCID scale into Turkish, perform its cultural adaptation, and test the validity and reliability of the Turkish version.

Pain Perception and Exercise-Induced Hypoalgesia Across Circadian Rhythms

The goal of this randomized crossover clinical trial is to investigate whether exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH) is influenced by circadian rhythm in healthy adults aged 18-40 years. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does the time of day (morning vs. evening) influence changes in pain perception following exercise? * Do chronotype, sex, or stimulation site (bony vs. muscular) alter the magnitude of this effect? Participants will: * Complete questionnaires * Undergo quantitative sensory testing * Attend both morning and evening sessions in randomized crossover order

Electronic Anesthetic Efficacy Prof. Ali Rokia Ph.D. Al-Andalus University Prof . Mouetaz Kheirallah Ph.D ArabUST

A Spilt Mouth Clinical Comparative Evaluation Of The Electronic Anesthetic Efficacy Comparison of traditional local anesthesia with electronic local anesthesia in terms of the ability to reduce pain during injection and the duration of the anesthetic effect

Music Therapy to Reduce Anxiety and Pain in Chronic Pain Patients During Procedures

This study aims to find out whether listening to music before, during, and after pain procedures can help reduce anxiety, pain catastrophising, and acute pain in patients with chronic pain. Music therapy may provide a simple, safe, and non-drug way to help patients relax and feel more comfortable. In this study, adult patients with chronic pain who are scheduled for interventional pain procedures at Singapore General Hospital will be randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group will listen to self-selected music through headphones and speakers before, during, and after the procedure. The other group will receive standard care without music. Researchers will measure anxiety, pain catastrophising, and pain levels before and after the procedure using validated questionnaires. The main outcome will be the level of anxiety after the procedure. Other outcomes include pain catastrophising scores, pain scores during local anaesthetic injection, and overall patient satisfaction. This study will help determine if music therapy can be routinely used to improve comfort and emotional well-being for patients undergoing interventional pain procedures.

AI-Designed Clear Aligners: A Randomized Clinical Trial

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the clinical performance and validity of applying AI-based TruRoot-designed clear aligners in adult orthodontic patients. The main questions it aims to answer are: Do TruRoot-designed aligners achieve more accurate root positioning compared to conventional aligners? Is there a significant difference in clinical parameters such as root resorption, pain levels, treatment duration, and occlusal outcomes between the two groups? Is the TruRoot AI-based design a valid and clinically applicable method for planning clear aligner treatment? Researchers will compare: An AI-based TruRoot group, where aligners are planned using CBCT and intraoral scan superimposition to estimate true root position A Conventional group, where aligners are designed using intraoral scans only, with expert evaluation to ensure roots remain within the alveolar bone Participants will: Receive clear aligner treatment based on either the TruRoot AI system or conventional planning by experts Undergo CBCT and intraoral scans at baseline and post-treatment Be assessed for root position accuracy, validity of AI-generated treatment plans, occlusal outcomes via the ABO Objective Grading System, root resorption, self-reported pain, and treatment duration Attend regular follow-ups throughout the treatment period

Effectiveness of Vibratory Versus Cold Stimuli on Pain Perception in Children

Local anesthesia is an anxiety-provoking procedure. Pain control is important for effective behavior guidance, specially among pediatric patients. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Buzzy® as a topical anesthetic in pain perception through two ways: once using vibration mode without the cold pack and the other using the cold pack without vibration and comparing it to topical anesthetic gel during different anesthetic techniques Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial involving 72 healthy cooperative patients aged 5-9 years. They will be allocated to receive local anesthesia either using the vibration mode of Buzzy Bee (test group) or the cold pack of Buzzy Bee (test group) or conventional topical anesthetic gel (control group). Pain response will be assessed using Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and SEM scale.

Pain Perception and the Autonomic Nervous System

In this study, we want to investigate how pain processing and sensation are related to a certain part of the nervous system, the so-called autonomic nervous system. For this purpose, we apply heat and pressure stimuli to the skin and test pain processing by means of ratings scales and sensory tests. Breathing, heart rate and sweat response are also measured. To assess the spinal cord level, we measure muscle response (measured by electromyography, EMG) to electrical stimulation. Additionally, sensory nerves will be stimulated at the ear and participants will also be given various questionnaires to complete.

Quantitative Sensory Testing to Study Pain Perception in Autism

This study aims at assess sensory perception, and pain perception, in neurodivergent children and adolescent in the autism spectrum. To achieve this goal, the quantitive sensory testing (QST), a controlled and replicable protocol, will be used, to assess perception in different sensory modalities: heat sensations, mechanical detection threshold and pain threshold. As secondary aim, the cortical processing of thermal painful stimuli will be collected through electroencephalography (EEG) in order to investigate if there are differences in the cortical processing of painful stimuli between clinical sample and control sample, and if it could be associated with differences in the subjective experience between the two groups. Finally, it will be explored the association between such differences, and indexes of psychopathology and dispositional measures.